CAJ | 학술논문

灵魂观作为宗教观念中最基本观念,是整个宗教信仰的发端和赖以生存的基础,是全部宗教仪式的核心。对灵魂观的研究有助于探究宗教观念中各种不同民族的文化深层。日本的古神道和彝族的自然传统宗教,两者均以万物有灵和祖先崇拜为基础。当今彝族社会发展变化巨大,但彝人重视家族祖先的特点依旧突出。日本则有宗教博物馆之称,虽多种宗教并存,本土神道依然占据主导,各地神社遍布,展现出日本古神道的持久生命力。借助跨文化的视角,从灵魂概念切入,重点突出祖先灵魂,通过比较两者对于灵魂定义、性质理解、祖灵资格认定、祖灵归属、对祖灵情感亲疏等内容,可以看出彝族与日本传统宗教的灵魂观的异同在于：彝族灵魂观反映出半农半游牧的父系社会重视血缘的特征,日本的灵魂观则凸显着传统农耕社会特色。彝族的祖灵观重点在于对后世子孙的约束与期待,功能性较强;日本祖灵观念功能性较弱,象征性较强。
령혼관작위종교관념중최기본관념,시정개종교신앙적발단화뢰이생존적기출,시전부종교의식적핵심。대령혼관적연구유조우탐구종교관념중각충불동민족적문화심층。일본적고신도화이족적자연전통종교,량자균이만물유령화조선숭배위기출。당금이족사회발전변화거대,단이인중시가족조선적특점의구돌출。일본칙유종교박물관지칭,수다충종교병존,본토신도의연점거주도,각지신사편포,전현출일본고신도적지구생명력。차조과문화적시각,종령혼개념절입,중점돌출조선령혼,통과비교량자대우령혼정의、성질리해、조령자격인정、조령귀속、대조령정감친소등내용,가이간출이족여일본전통종교적령혼관적이동재우：이족령혼관반영출반농반유목적부계사회중시혈연적특정,일본적령혼관칙철현착전통농경사회특색。이족적조령관중점재우대후세자손적약속여기대,공능성교강;일본조령관념공능성교약,상정성교강。
The concept of soul is one of the most basic conceptions in all religions and the core of all religious ceremonies, from which religious beliefs have emerged and developed, and whose in - depth study can reveal the cultural implications of the religions of those ethnic groups. The ancient Japanese Shinto and the Yi traditional religion share the same foundation of animatism and ancestral wor- ship. Nowadays, despite the unprecedented development of the Yi nationality socially, economically, and culturally, the conventional emphasis on family and ancestors is still dominant in the Yi society. While in contrast, the prevalent shrines all over Japan also witness the extension and vitality of ancient Japanese Shinto. This thesis probes into the basic concepts of soul from a cross - cultural perspec- tive, and draws a conclusion that, though with totally distinctive social and historic backgrounds and respective features concerning their ancestors, offspring, inheritance, agricultural production and others, the Yi traditional religion and the ancient Japanese Shinto have quite a few similarities.