心理科学进展
心理科學進展
심이과학진전
Advances In Psychological Science
2015年
2期
168~174
,共null页
张兴利 李晓燕 柳铭心 施建农 刘正奎
張興利 李曉燕 柳銘心 施建農 劉正奎
장흥리 리효연 류명심 시건농 류정규
孤儿 创伤后应激障碍 发展 认知神经 心理援助
孤兒 創傷後應激障礙 髮展 認知神經 心理援助
고인 창상후응격장애 발전 인지신경 심리원조
orphans; post-traumatic stress disorders; development; cognitive; psychological support
灾后孤儿亲历双重重大创伤，是创伤后应激障碍（post-traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）的高发群体；同时，巨大创伤对其认知功能和行为模式也带来一定程度的影响。本研究拟以灾后孤儿这一特殊群体为研究对象，考察“PTSD发生发展及其认知神经机制”，具体如下：（1）采用序列研究设计，展开灾后孤儿PTSD流行病学调查，描述其PTSD发生发展、变化的轨迹和时程特点；（2）展开横断研究，考察灾后孤儿认知发展特点，并通过结构方程模型，揭示其PTSD发生发展的心理行为机制；（3）采用眼动和脑电技术展开比较研究，考察罹惠PTSD孤儿的认知神经机制。本研究的研究结果将对今后的灾后孤儿安置及心理援助提供科学建议：为有针对性地提供心理干预、制定心理干预的总体规划提供科学依据；力争为今后孤儿的创伤心理的诊断、干预效果评估提供科学客观的指标和方法。
災後孤兒親歷雙重重大創傷，是創傷後應激障礙（post-traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）的高髮群體；同時，巨大創傷對其認知功能和行為模式也帶來一定程度的影響。本研究擬以災後孤兒這一特殊群體為研究對象，攷察“PTSD髮生髮展及其認知神經機製”，具體如下：（1）採用序列研究設計，展開災後孤兒PTSD流行病學調查，描述其PTSD髮生髮展、變化的軌跡和時程特點；（2）展開橫斷研究，攷察災後孤兒認知髮展特點，併通過結構方程模型，揭示其PTSD髮生髮展的心理行為機製；（3）採用眼動和腦電技術展開比較研究，攷察罹惠PTSD孤兒的認知神經機製。本研究的研究結果將對今後的災後孤兒安置及心理援助提供科學建議：為有針對性地提供心理榦預、製定心理榦預的總體規劃提供科學依據；力爭為今後孤兒的創傷心理的診斷、榦預效果評估提供科學客觀的指標和方法。
재후고인친력쌍중중대창상，시창상후응격장애（post-traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）적고발군체；동시，거대창상대기인지공능화행위모식야대래일정정도적영향。본연구의이재후고인저일특수군체위연구대상，고찰“PTSD발생발전급기인지신경궤제”，구체여하：（1）채용서렬연구설계，전개재후고인PTSD류행병학조사，묘술기PTSD발생발전、변화적궤적화시정특점；（2）전개횡단연구，고찰재후고인인지발전특점，병통과결구방정모형，게시기PTSD발생발전적심리행위궤제；（3）채용안동화뇌전기술전개비교연구，고찰리혜PTSD고인적인지신경궤제。본연구적연구결과장대금후적재후고인안치급심리원조제공과학건의：위유침대성지제공심리간예、제정심리간예적총체규화제공과학의거；력쟁위금후고인적창상심리적진단、간예효과평고제공과학객관적지표화방법。
Persistent separation from parents immediately after a natural disaster （such as earthquake or hurricane）, along with the loss of the child＇s home, pets, toys, and friends predicts post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） in children. Orphans reported significantly more PTSD symptoms than the disaster and non-trauma control groups. Research on orphans shows convincingly that psychological trauma has an enormously damaging effect on their development, their mental and physical health, as well as cognition and behavior. Intervention, in the form of administrative systems and psychological support, would be enormously valuable, both to the orphans and to society. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of intervention can be greatly improved with a better understanding of both PTSD＇s development, and its cognitive neural mechanisms. To this end, our project consists of 3 major goals： （1） use methods taken from epidemiology to characterize the trajectory of PTSD in post-disaster orphans; （2） investigate changes in cognitive development and immunological function in post disaster orphans in a cross sectional study, revealing the mental and behavior mechanism of PTSD; （3） examine the cognitive neural mechanism of the PTSD by using eye tracking and event-related potentials technologies. Using the results of this project, we can provide expert insight into psychological support for orphans, suggesting effective administrative systems and models of psychological support for orphans in emergency settings.
