CAJ | 학술논문

传统观点认为,遗传资源不是智力成果,而是人类共同的物质财产,因而不能作为知识产权的客体。然而,生物学和知识学的考察却表明,遗传资源是一种特殊的知识信息资源,符合知识产权客体的本质特征。基于遗传资源主权原则,单边主义立法模式已逐步成为区域及国别遗传资源和知识产权立法的重要趋势。遗传资源作为知识产权客体不仅具有法理上的正当性,也有国际法上的坚实基础,更是实践上的迫切需要,因而是主权国知识产权立法的应然选择。遗传资源作为知识产权客体的法律路径有二：一是扩大现行知识产权范围,使现行知识产权法保护的范围覆盖遗传资源及其传统知识;二是构建遗传资源知识产权特别法。
전통관점인위,유전자원불시지력성과,이시인류공동적물질재산,인이불능작위지식산권적객체。연이,생물학화지식학적고찰각표명,유전자원시일충특수적지식신식자원,부합지식산권객체적본질특정。기우유전자원주권원칙,단변주의입법모식이축보성위구역급국별유전자원화지식산권입법적중요추세。유전자원작위지식산권객체불부구유법리상적정당성,야유국제법상적견실기출,경시실천상적박절수요,인이시주권국지식산권입법적응연선택。유전자원작위지식산권객체적법률로경유이：일시확대현행지식산권범위,사현행지식산권법보호적범위복개유전자원급기전통지식;이시구건유전자원지식산권특별법。
Traditionally,genetic resources cannot be taken as the object of intellectual property right for the reason that it is the property of all human beings instead of intellectual achievements.However,the study of epistemology and biology has shown the genetic resources are a kind of knowledge information resources which conforms to the essential characteristics of the object of intellectual property.And based on the principle of sovereignty of genetic resources,unilateral legislation mode has gradually become an important trend of regional and national genetic resources in intellectual property legislation.Genetic resources being as the object of intellectual property not only has the legitimacy of the legal principle theory of law,but also has a solid foundation of international law and there is an urgent need in practice,so it is an ideal choice for sovereign states in intellectual property rights legislation.There are two approaches for genetic resources being as the object of intellectual property：one is to expand the scope of the current intellectual property rights,covering genetic resources and traditional knowledge;another is to construct special intellectual property law.