CAJ | 학술논문

马来西亚的国族建构建立在特定的历史基础之上。英国的殖民统治不仅造成马来西亚多元社会的形成,“分而治之”的殖民统治也给马来西亚带来了族群差异和族群矛盾。在独立建国的过程中,三大族群围绕一系列重大问题进行博弈并达成一致,最终赢得了国家独立,为国族的建构奠定了基础。独立后的马来西亚在国族建构的途径上存在马来民族主义和文化多元主义之争,但马来民族主义始终占了上风。马来西亚国族建构实践可分为三个阶段。马来西亚的国族建构,虽然取得了一定的成功,但国族建构依然任重而道远。
마래서아적국족건구건립재특정적역사기출지상。영국적식민통치불부조성마래서아다원사회적형성,“분이치지”적식민통치야급마래서아대래료족군차이화족군모순。재독립건국적과정중,삼대족군위요일계렬중대문제진행박혁병체성일치,최종영득료국가독립,위국족적건구전정료기출。독립후적마래서아재국족건구적도경상존재마래민족주의화문화다원주의지쟁,단마래민족주의시종점료상풍。마래서아국족건구실천가분위삼개계단。마래서아적국족건구,수연취득료일정적성공,단국족건구의연임중이도원。
The building of Malaysian nation underwent in specific historical context, e. g. the British colonial rule not only brought a plural society to Malaysia, but the British divisionary policies also led to dis- tinction and potential friction among ethnic groups in Malaya. During the process of national independence, three major ethnic groups bargained over a number of key issues and arrived at a consensus finally. The in- dependence of Malaya laid a foundation for nation building. After independence, there were two approaches for nation building： Malayan nationalism and cultural pluralism. During the process of competing, Malayan nationalism achieved a dominating position all along. The practice of Malaysian nation building can be di- vided into three periods. Although it has achieved certain success, there is still a long way to go.