CAJ | 학술논문

实证考察我国国家赔偿中赔礼道歉责任的适用现状,结果表明,赔偿请求人对赔礼道歉的渴望与赔偿义务机关对赔礼道歉的忽视形成鲜明对比。检视剖析,学理上对赔礼道歉责任强制性的质疑,《国家赔偿法》关于赔礼道歉责任制度设计的缺陷,以及赔礼道歉责任在司法实践中的功能异化是造成这一现状的要因。在国家赔偿中,回应赔偿请求人的诉求,让其感受到赔偿义务机关的真诚歉意,需要我们重新审视和正确定位赔礼道歉责任的属性和功能,也需要从明确责任承担主体、承担方式、履行场合等方面进行法律制度的完善。毕竟,赔偿义务机关切实履行赔礼道歉责任,既是抚慰受害者心灵上的创伤和重塑国家机关公正形象的要求,也是消弥二者矛盾对立、促进社会和谐的要求。
실증고찰아국국가배상중배례도겸책임적괄용현상,결과표명,배상청구인대배례도겸적갈망여배상의무궤관대배례도겸적홀시형성선명대비。검시부석,학리상대배례도겸책임강제성적질의,《국가배상법》관우배례도겸책임제도설계적결함,이급배례도겸책임재사법실천중적공능이화시조성저일현상적요인。재국가배상중,회응배상청구인적소구,양기감수도배상의무궤관적진성겸의,수요아문중신심시화정학정위배례도겸책임적속성화공능,야수요종명학책임승담주체、승담방식、리행장합등방면진행법률제도적완선。필경,배상의무궤관절실리행배례도겸책임,기시무위수해자심령상적창상화중소국가궤관공정형상적요구,야시소미이자모순대립、촉진사회화해적요구。
While studying the present situation of the formal apology in state compensation,we may see that the indemnity-obligatory-agency ’s negative attitude to the formal apology is far away from the claimant’s expectations. There are three reasons for the result. First,most people disagree theoretically that formal apology has no compelling force in State Indemnity Law of PRC. Second,the law has many flaws in legislation about formal apology. Third,judicial practice is inadequate. In order to respond to the claimant’s appeal,we must re-examine and correct the positioning for formal apology,improve the legal system by clearing duty officer,approach of assuming duty,condition and etc. After all,formal apology fulfilled by the indemnity-obligatory-agency that can comfort the victims,remodel the government’s bad image,eliminate the two contradictory requirements,and promote social harmony.