CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用2009年、2011年和2014年内蒙古高校毕业生就业数据,采用多元选择模型和扩展Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法,研究少数民族地区大学毕业生就业部门的变化及其影响因素,以及本专科生就业差异。结果发现少数民族学生在当地毕业生中所占比例超过全国人口平均水平,并在获得政府工作方面具有显著优势;就业部门逐渐从经济发达地区向其他地区转移,表现出就业过程的理性化,但其中也受到竞争力偏弱的影响;就业过程受到性别、专业类别、生源地、学历类别、市场环境等多方面的影响,但不同年度的影响机制存在差异。本、专科毕业生在国有部门与非国有部门间的就业情况存在差异,且主要由变量特征造成,反映出专业能力对就业的重要影响。提出加大对少数民族地区的教育政策倾斜,提升专科类院校教学质量,增加就业岗位、合理控制高校规模,引导毕业生合理就业的建议。
본문이용2009년、2011년화2014년내몽고고교필업생취업수거,채용다원선택모형화확전Oaxaca-Blinder분해방법,연구소수민족지구대학필업생취업부문적변화급기영향인소,이급본전과생취업차이。결과발현소수민족학생재당지필업생중소점비례초과전국인구평균수평,병재획득정부공작방면구유현저우세;취업부문축점종경제발체지구향기타지구전이,표현출취업과정적이성화,단기중야수도경쟁력편약적영향;취업과정수도성별、전업유별、생원지、학력유별、시장배경등다방면적영향,단불동년도적영향궤제존재차이。본、전과필업생재국유부문여비국유부문간적취업정황존재차이,차주요유변량특정조성,반영출전업능력대취업적중요영향。제출가대대소수민족지구적교육정책경사,제승전과류원교교학질량,증가취업강위、합리공제고교규모,인도필업생합리취업적건의。
This thesis researches the changes and influential factors of undergraduates＇ employment in ethnic minority areas, and the differences in employment between undergraduates and junior college students, using multiple choice models and the extended Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, based on the data of employment of university graduates in Inner Mongolia in 2009, 2011 and 2014. The results shows that minority students accounted for a higher proportion of the national average level of graduates in job hunting, and they have obvious advantages in obtaining occupations in the government; The Employment Department has been shifting from the economical developed areas to other regions, showing a rational employment process, yet still influenced by the less competitiveness. The employment process is influenced by many factors, such as gender, professional categories, origin of students, educational background, the market environment,etc., but there are different influential factors in different years; Differences are in employment between undergraduates and junior college students in state-own and non-state sectors, which are caused mainly by the variable characteristics,reflecting the significant influences by different professional abilities on employment departments. The suggestion is offered by increasing educational policy support to ethnic minority, improving teaching quality of junior colleges, increasing jobs,controlling the reasonable scale of universities, and guiding the reasonable graduation of graduates.