CAJ | 학술논문

本文利用甘肃、宁夏、四川、云南、广西五省农村地区数据,运用倾向得分匹配方法控制样本的自选择偏差,分析了父母外出务工对农村留守儿童的学业成绩及学校适应性的影响以及这种影响在不同外出方式、外出时长情况下对不同性别留守儿童的效应差异。结果显示,父母外出务工并没有导致留守儿童在学业成绩方面的劣势,相反,父母双方同时外出或长期外出,对留守子女的学业成绩具有提升作用。然而,无论父母选择何种外出形式及时长,留守子女都会出现非认知发展问题。特别是在母亲外出和长时间外出的情况下,留守子女容易出现隐性的、较为严重的适应性问题。本文也就此提出了解决外出务工缓解家庭经济压力与保障子女心理健康之矛盾的政策建议。
본문이용감숙、저하、사천、운남、엄서오성농촌지구수거,운용경향득분필배방법공제양본적자선택편차,분석료부모외출무공대농촌류수인동적학업성적급학교괄응성적영향이급저충영향재불동외출방식、외출시장정황하대불동성별류수인동적효응차이。결과현시,부모외출무공병몰유도치류수인동재학업성적방면적열세,상반,부모쌍방동시외출혹장기외출,대류수자녀적학업성적구유제승작용。연이,무론부모선택하충외출형식급시장,류수자녀도회출현비인지발전문제。특별시재모친외출화장시간외출적정황하,류수자녀용역출현은성적、교위엄중적괄응성문제。본문야취차제출료해결외출무공완해가정경제압력여보장자녀심리건강지모순적정책건의。
Employing data from five western provinces（Gansu, Ningxia, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi） in China,this study investigates the impact（and heterogeneous features） of parental labor migration on children＇s academic achievements and non-academic performance using school adjustment as proxy. Sample selection bias is controlled by using propensity score matching method. The results show that there is no significant disadvantage for left-behind children in terms of academic scores. On the contrary, long-term labor migration of both-parent would benefit children＇s academic performance. However, whatever pattern or time length the migration takes, left-behind children show some non-cognitive problems, especially when mother is the migration subject or children are left behind for a long time. Finally, this study proposes some policy implications to solve the contradiction between labor migration in relieving family economic constraints and ensuring children＇s wellbeing.