北京体育大学学报
北京體育大學學報
북경체육대학학보
Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education
2015年
2期
67~71
,共null页
函数型主成分方法 自由泳 速度节奏 波动特征
函數型主成分方法 自由泳 速度節奏 波動特徵
함수형주성분방법 자유영 속도절주 파동특정
function principal component; freestyle swimming; speed rhythm; fluctuation characteristics
目的：通过观察孙杨1 500 m自由游中阶段泳速及相关参数波动对运动成绩的影响,探讨函数型主成分方法在速度节奏诊断中的应用功效,以及优秀1 500 m自由泳运动员阶段泳速、划频与划距主要波动形式与合理分配模式。方法：通过影像拍摄与解析获得孙杨8次比赛中分段速度、划距及划频,采用函数型主成分分析法识别其主要波动形式,采用皮尔逊相关法量化分析它们与运动成绩的相关性。结果：孙杨1 500 m自由泳阶段泳速、划频与划距各具有3种主要波动形式,其中只有第3种波动形式与运动成绩有显著性相关,相关系数依次为0.68、-0.78、0.82。结论：1）函数型主成分方法是1种能应用于速度节奏诊断、优化、监控的好方法;2）1 500 m自由游优秀运动员阶段速度、划频以及划距曲线＂途中前段-结束＂阶段间非线性互补波动形式与运动成绩间关系密切,运动成绩较好时这些参数特征被认为是良好竞赛策略、体能分配模式、预期反馈调节能力等表现。
目的：通過觀察孫楊1 500 m自由遊中階段泳速及相關參數波動對運動成績的影響,探討函數型主成分方法在速度節奏診斷中的應用功效,以及優秀1 500 m自由泳運動員階段泳速、劃頻與劃距主要波動形式與閤理分配模式。方法：通過影像拍攝與解析穫得孫楊8次比賽中分段速度、劃距及劃頻,採用函數型主成分分析法識彆其主要波動形式,採用皮爾遜相關法量化分析它們與運動成績的相關性。結果：孫楊1 500 m自由泳階段泳速、劃頻與劃距各具有3種主要波動形式,其中隻有第3種波動形式與運動成績有顯著性相關,相關繫數依次為0.68、-0.78、0.82。結論：1）函數型主成分方法是1種能應用于速度節奏診斷、優化、鑑控的好方法;2）1 500 m自由遊優秀運動員階段速度、劃頻以及劃距麯線＂途中前段-結束＂階段間非線性互補波動形式與運動成績間關繫密切,運動成績較好時這些參數特徵被認為是良好競賽策略、體能分配模式、預期反饋調節能力等錶現。
목적：통과관찰손양1 500 m자유유중계단영속급상관삼수파동대운동성적적영향,탐토함수형주성분방법재속도절주진단중적응용공효,이급우수1 500 m자유영운동원계단영속、화빈여화거주요파동형식여합리분배모식。방법：통과영상박섭여해석획득손양8차비새중분단속도、화거급화빈,채용함수형주성분분석법식별기주요파동형식,채용피이손상관법양화분석타문여운동성적적상관성。결과：손양1 500 m자유영계단영속、화빈여화거각구유3충주요파동형식,기중지유제3충파동형식여운동성적유현저성상관,상관계수의차위0.68、-0.78、0.82。결론：1）함수형주성분방법시1충능응용우속도절주진단、우화、감공적호방법;2）1 500 m자유유우수운동원계단속도、화빈이급화거곡선＂도중전단-결속＂계단간비선성호보파동형식여운동성적간관계밀절,운동성적교호시저사삼수특정피인위시량호경새책략、체능분배모식、예기반궤조절능력등표현。
Objective： This study aimed at exploring the application of function principal component method in assessing speed rhythm,and the main fluctuation types and reasonable distribution mode of phase swimming speed,pull frequency and pull distance in elite 1500 m freestyle swimmers,by observing the effects of different phases＇ velocity and other parameters of Sun Yang 1500 m freestyle on the performance. Methods： The phases＇ swimming speed,pull frequency and pull distance of eight 1500 m freestyle competitions Sun Yang participated in were obtained by video,and their main fluctuation types were identified by the function principal component analysis,and the correlation between these indicators and the performance were analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results： There were three fluctuation types existing in swimming speed,pull frequency and pull distance of Sun Yang 1500 m freestyle,only the third type was significantly correlated with the performance,and the coefficients were 0. 68,-0. 78,0. 82 respectively. Conclusions： 1） Function principal component is a good method that can be applied to diagnose,optimize and monitor speed rhythm. 2） The nonlinear complementary fluctuation type of the phase swimming speed,pull frequency and pull distance curves among ＂ middle front- end＂ phase in elite swimmers is significantly related with the performance,these parameters are considered to be a reflection of good race strategy,energy distribution pattern,and the anticipative feedback regulation ability.
