CAJ | 학술논문

19世纪以来体现生产要素流动阻抗的＂运输成本＂,一直被主流经济学所忽视,直到20世纪90年代以克鲁格曼为代表的空间经济学的兴起,才逐渐将其纳入到研究框架内。本文尝试从经典文献中寻找研究运输成本的经济学基础,从现代文献及进一步拓展中梳理运输成本对经济增长的影响。运输成本与经济增长的关系主要体现在降低运输成本可以促进分工和专业化的发展,并促进了中间品的投入和刺激资本品的消耗,促进了产业集聚和知识外溢等。因此,研究运输成本对经济增长的影响不应仅局限于将它作为区域经济发展的一个变量,而应重新界定其内涵,重视考察它对一个国家资本流动、资本配置、人力配置的影响。
19세기이래체현생산요소류동조항적＂운수성본＂,일직피주류경제학소홀시,직도20세기90년대이극로격만위대표적공간경제학적흥기,재축점장기납입도연구광가내。본문상시종경전문헌중심조연구운수성본적경제학기출,종현대문헌급진일보탁전중소리운수성본대경제증장적영향。운수성본여경제증장적관계주요체현재강저운수성본가이촉진분공화전업화적발전,병촉진료중간품적투입화자격자본품적소모,촉진료산업집취화지식외일등。인차,연구운수성본대경제증장적영향불응부국한우장타작위구역경제발전적일개변량,이응중신계정기내함,중시고찰타대일개국가자본류동、자본배치、인력배치적영향。
The＂transport costs＂,which stands for the friction of the flow of production factors was gradually incorporated into the economics research framework because of the rise of spatial economics represented by Krugman in the 1990 s.The paper tries to find out the economic foundation of transport costs from the classical literature,and its impact on economic growth from modern literature and empirical evidence. The function of transport costs to economic growth is mainly reflected by the promotion of labor division and specialization,investment of intermediate goods and capital goods,agglomeration,knowledge spillover and so on through the reduction of transport cost. Finally,this paper puts forward the idea that the study of transport costs＇ impact on economic growth should redefine its connotation,taking account to its effects on capital flows,capital allocation,manpower allocation of country,the transport costs should not be limited to a variable of the regional economic development.