中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2015年
2期
71~77
,共null页
林丽雅 张莉 李农战 王崇
林麗雅 張莉 李農戰 王崇
림려아 장리 리농전 왕숭
游泳 个体化 训练监控 能量代谢 专项训练
遊泳 箇體化 訓練鑑控 能量代謝 專項訓練
유영 개체화 훈련감공 능량대사 전항훈련
swimming; personalization; training monitoring; energy metabolism; specific training
目的：对亚洲第1个破50m自由泳22s大关的国际健将级短距离游泳运动员史润强,实施专项训练监控,探索科学有效的个体化训练监控模式。方法：以史润强为研究对象、同组其他运动员为比对对象,对专项训练中6种主要训练手段进行血乳酸和心率的监测,并在专项训练前、后进行主项成绩、有氧能力、磷酸原供能能力的跟踪测试,评价阶段专项训练效果。结果：1）对史润强的监控揭示其能量代谢特点为：磷酸原供能能力、爆发力及短时间冲刺能力有待提高;无氧阈水平有待进一步提高;糖酵解供能的能力与国际一流运动员相比存在差距。2）根据专项训练的监控结果,总结出运动员各专项能力的训练特点,并对各训练手段提出个体化的调整建议,以加强训练效果。结论：1）本研究提出了可用于游泳运动员专项训练监控的流程,并通过对史润强的阶段性专项训练监控,发现优秀短距离游泳运动员的专项运动能力具有明显的个性化特征,因此,在训练中必须建立系统的专项体能、专项训练方法和阶段训练效果评估流程,并科学安排测试计划,从而保障训练的科学性。2）游泳运动员的专项训练监控指标主要为专项成绩、测试成绩、血乳酸和心率,其中,成绩和血乳酸起主要监控作用,心率起辅助监控作用。3）专项能力评估及专项训练手段的监控主要应依据能量代谢系统理论来分析,并提出改进意见。
目的：對亞洲第1箇破50m自由泳22s大關的國際健將級短距離遊泳運動員史潤彊,實施專項訓練鑑控,探索科學有效的箇體化訓練鑑控模式。方法：以史潤彊為研究對象、同組其他運動員為比對對象,對專項訓練中6種主要訓練手段進行血乳痠和心率的鑑測,併在專項訓練前、後進行主項成績、有氧能力、燐痠原供能能力的跟蹤測試,評價階段專項訓練效果。結果：1）對史潤彊的鑑控揭示其能量代謝特點為：燐痠原供能能力、爆髮力及短時間遲刺能力有待提高;無氧閾水平有待進一步提高;糖酵解供能的能力與國際一流運動員相比存在差距。2）根據專項訓練的鑑控結果,總結齣運動員各專項能力的訓練特點,併對各訓練手段提齣箇體化的調整建議,以加彊訓練效果。結論：1）本研究提齣瞭可用于遊泳運動員專項訓練鑑控的流程,併通過對史潤彊的階段性專項訓練鑑控,髮現優秀短距離遊泳運動員的專項運動能力具有明顯的箇性化特徵,因此,在訓練中必鬚建立繫統的專項體能、專項訓練方法和階段訓練效果評估流程,併科學安排測試計劃,從而保障訓練的科學性。2）遊泳運動員的專項訓練鑑控指標主要為專項成績、測試成績、血乳痠和心率,其中,成績和血乳痠起主要鑑控作用,心率起輔助鑑控作用。3）專項能力評估及專項訓練手段的鑑控主要應依據能量代謝繫統理論來分析,併提齣改進意見。
목적：대아주제1개파50m자유영22s대관적국제건장급단거리유영운동원사윤강,실시전항훈련감공,탐색과학유효적개체화훈련감공모식。방법：이사윤강위연구대상、동조기타운동원위비대대상,대전항훈련중6충주요훈련수단진행혈유산화심솔적감측,병재전항훈련전、후진행주항성적、유양능력、린산원공능능력적근종측시,평개계단전항훈련효과。결과：1）대사윤강적감공게시기능량대사특점위：린산원공능능력、폭발력급단시간충자능력유대제고;무양역수평유대진일보제고;당효해공능적능력여국제일류운동원상비존재차거。2）근거전항훈련적감공결과,총결출운동원각전항능력적훈련특점,병대각훈련수단제출개체화적조정건의,이가강훈련효과。결론：1）본연구제출료가용우유영운동원전항훈련감공적류정,병통과대사윤강적계단성전항훈련감공,발현우수단거리유영운동원적전항운동능력구유명현적개성화특정,인차,재훈련중필수건립계통적전항체능、전항훈련방법화계단훈련효과평고류정,병과학안배측시계화,종이보장훈련적과학성。2）유영운동원적전항훈련감공지표주요위전항성적、측시성적、혈유산화심솔,기중,성적화혈유산기주요감공작용,심솔기보조감공작용。3）전항능력평고급전항훈련수단적감공주요응의거능량대사계통이론래분석,병제출개진의견。
Objective：This paper implents specific training monitoring and explores effective indi- vidualized training model on Shi runqiang, the 1st Asian swimmer who breaks 22 seconds in 50 meter freestyle swimming. Methods：Taking Shi runqiang as research object, and other swim- mers in same team as control group, six main training method of specific training is testing in the aspects of monitoring of blood lactate and heart rate, the performance before and after training, aerobic capacity, phosphate raw energy supplyment capacity. Results ： 1） Shi runqiang needs improvements on phosphate raw energy supplyment capacity, power strength, and short sprint capacity; anaerobic threshold level need further improvement; glycolysis energy supply- ment capabilities lags behind world-class athletes, and should be improved through maximum lactate capacity training. 2） Based on the monitoring results, this paper summed up the special abilities of each athlete training characteristics, and made adjustments to the recommendations of individualized training methods to strengthen the training effect. Conclusion.. 1 ） This study presents a process that can be used to monitor swimmers special training. Through phased mo- nitoring on Shi runqiang ＇s training routine, we found out that short distance outstanding swim mer has distinct characteristics, and therefore a system must be established in physical and technique training routines as well as the effectiveness evaluation process, in order to ensure the scientific nature of the training program. 2） The major training program monitoring meas- urements for swimming athletes should include swimming training speed, testing speed, blood lactate, and heart rate, of which swimming speed and blood lactate should be the main measure- ments, and heart rate is the secondary measurement. 3） Evaluation on athlete＇s swimming ca- pability, and the monitoring on the training routine, should be conducted and advised based on energy metabolism theory.
