CAJ | 학술논문

为了揭示近年来男子400m个人混合泳项目比赛呈现的特征,主要采用数理统计等方法对近年来国内、外重大游泳比赛成绩进行分析。与奥运会前3名水平相比较,全运会前3名混合泳运动员自由泳分段成绩胜出,但蝶泳、仰泳、蛙泳分段水平均要落后。全运会上前8名运动员各个分段均落后于奥运会前8名运动员,差距最大的是仰泳,其次是蝶泳、蛙泳和自由泳。通过对2011—2013年国内、外重大游泳比赛参加个人混合泳决赛的运动员成绩统计来看,同组中,优秀运动员一般采用蝶泳、仰泳分段控制节奏,蛙泳和自由泳分段发力领先对手的体能分配方案;水平略差的运动员蝶泳和仰泳分段一般领先,后半程由于诸多原因呈落后趋势;还有一种表现形式,就是其他泳姿表现一般,但在自己优势泳姿上全力以赴,但从对应的名次来看,这种体能分配往往取得不了较好的成绩。研究表明,国内男子个人混合泳整体水平较国际水平尚有差距,后备人才梯队建设和项目制胜规律应该引起重视;从分段成绩上考虑,蝶泳和仰泳差距较大;从混合泳体能分配特征来看,各分段泳姿对总成绩的影响是不同的,游进过程中采用蝶泳、仰泳分段控制节奏,蛙泳和自由泳分段发力领先对手的分配方案,可能在同组中发挥更好成绩;单纯利用自己擅长泳姿,不注意整体体能分配,一般不会获得理想成绩。
위료게시근년래남자400m개인혼합영항목비새정현적특정,주요채용수리통계등방법대근년래국내、외중대유영비새성적진행분석。여오운회전3명수평상비교,전운회전3명혼합영운동원자유영분단성적성출,단접영、앙영、와영분단수평균요락후。전운회상전8명운동원각개분단균락후우오운회전8명운동원,차거최대적시앙영,기차시접영、와영화자유영。통과대2011—2013년국내、외중대유영비새삼가개인혼합영결새적운동원성적통계래간,동조중,우수운동원일반채용접영、앙영분단공제절주,와영화자유영분단발력령선대수적체능분배방안;수평략차적운동원접영화앙영분단일반령선,후반정유우제다원인정락후추세;환유일충표현형식,취시기타영자표현일반,단재자기우세영자상전력이부,단종대응적명차래간,저충체능분배왕왕취득불료교호적성적。연구표명,국내남자개인혼합영정체수평교국제수평상유차거,후비인재제대건설화항목제성규률응해인기중시;종분단성적상고필,접영화앙영차거교대;종혼합영체능분배특정래간,각분단영자대총성적적영향시불동적,유진과정중채용접영、앙영분단공제절주,와영화자유영분단발력령선대수적분배방안,가능재동조중발휘경호성적;단순이용자기천장영자,불주의정체체능분배,일반불회획득이상성적。
Objective： In order to reveal the characteristics of the men＇s 400 m individual med- ley event in recent years. Methods： this study uses mathematical statistics to analyze the major swimming performance at home and abroad in recent years. Results： Compared with top three of Olympic Games, the national top three medley athletes freestyle segmentation result to win, but the butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke segment level are lagging behind. The national games to eight athletes all segments are to lag behind the eight players before the Olympic Games, the largest gap is backstroke followed by butterfly, breaststroke and freestyle gap is relatively small. Based on major swimming competition at home and abroad from 2011 to 2013, the candidates for individual medley final statistic results, the same group of excellent players generally adopt butterfly, backstroke piecewise control rhythm, breaststroke and free- style piecewise power lead distribution plans ~ level of slightly the butterfly and the backstroke piecewise general lead, second half due to many reasons behind the trend ; there is a form, other strokes generally do, but go all out on their advantage strokes, but from the point of the corre- sponding rank, the physical distribution don＇t tend to get better grades. Conclusion： research suggests that the overall level of the domestic men ＇s individual medley there are gaps than in- ternational level, reserve talented person echelon construction and project the winning rule should be caused take seriously; from the consideration on the segmentation results, far from the butterfly and the backstroke, and occupy more overall proportionl from the point of medley of physical distribution characteristics, each segment strokes the impact on the total grade is different, in the process of using butterfly, backstroke piecewise control the rhythm, breast- stroke and freestyle piecewise power lead distribution scheme, may play better results in the same group, just use their strokes do not pay attention to the overall physical distribution don＇t usually get ideal results.