中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2015年
2期
89~93
,共null页
康琰琰 张援 陈颖 蒋英 季健民
康琰琰 張援 陳穎 蔣英 季健民
강염염 장원 진영 장영 계건민
赛艇 膳食营养 营养教育 KAP
賽艇 膳食營養 營養教育 KAP
새정 선식영양 영양교육 KAP
rowing; dietary nutrition ; nutrition education ; KAP
目的:了解广东省优秀赛艇运动员营养知识(Knowledge)、态度(Attitude)、行为(Practice)(简称KAP)的现状及其相关影响因素,为制定科学合理的营养教育方案及实施有效的营养干预措施提供科学依据。方法:以46名优秀赛艇运动员(男子26名,女子20名)为调查对象,根据营养教育KAP模式自行设计运动员膳食营养调查问卷,对运动员进行问卷调查。结果:赛艇运动员营养知识平均分为(47.08±12.60)分(不及格),知识短板主要集中在三大营养物质和维生素来源及运动营养相关知识方面;营养态度平均分为(87.70±7.40)分(优秀),赛艇运动员整体营养态度很好,男子优于女子;营养行为平均分为(73.94±10.52)分(良好),男子优于女子,运动员主要存在多种营养素摄入不均衡,零食不当及三餐餐次不合理等问题。相关分析结果表明,营养知识与态度(K-A),营养态度与行为(A-P)之间呈明显的相关性(P〈0.05),赛艇运动员KAP总分与文化程度显著正相关(P〈0.05),与训练年限和运动级别无明显相关性(P〉0.05),学历越高,其膳食营养知识、态度、行为整体表现越好。结论:赛艇运动员营养知识的掌握情况不容乐观,但运动员有积极良好的营养态度,需要加大运动营养宣教力度,开展有效的营养干预措施,为形成合理的营养理念提供支持。此外,结合问卷调查结果,建议食堂根据实际情况增加食物供应种类,改善休息日食物供应量;指导运动员科学加餐,正确引导运动员的零食行为。
目的:瞭解廣東省優秀賽艇運動員營養知識(Knowledge)、態度(Attitude)、行為(Practice)(簡稱KAP)的現狀及其相關影響因素,為製定科學閤理的營養教育方案及實施有效的營養榦預措施提供科學依據。方法:以46名優秀賽艇運動員(男子26名,女子20名)為調查對象,根據營養教育KAP模式自行設計運動員膳食營養調查問捲,對運動員進行問捲調查。結果:賽艇運動員營養知識平均分為(47.08±12.60)分(不及格),知識短闆主要集中在三大營養物質和維生素來源及運動營養相關知識方麵;營養態度平均分為(87.70±7.40)分(優秀),賽艇運動員整體營養態度很好,男子優于女子;營養行為平均分為(73.94±10.52)分(良好),男子優于女子,運動員主要存在多種營養素攝入不均衡,零食不噹及三餐餐次不閤理等問題。相關分析結果錶明,營養知識與態度(K-A),營養態度與行為(A-P)之間呈明顯的相關性(P〈0.05),賽艇運動員KAP總分與文化程度顯著正相關(P〈0.05),與訓練年限和運動級彆無明顯相關性(P〉0.05),學歷越高,其膳食營養知識、態度、行為整體錶現越好。結論:賽艇運動員營養知識的掌握情況不容樂觀,但運動員有積極良好的營養態度,需要加大運動營養宣教力度,開展有效的營養榦預措施,為形成閤理的營養理唸提供支持。此外,結閤問捲調查結果,建議食堂根據實際情況增加食物供應種類,改善休息日食物供應量;指導運動員科學加餐,正確引導運動員的零食行為。
목적:료해광동성우수새정운동원영양지식(Knowledge)、태도(Attitude)、행위(Practice)(간칭KAP)적현상급기상관영향인소,위제정과학합리적영양교육방안급실시유효적영양간예조시제공과학의거。방법:이46명우수새정운동원(남자26명,녀자20명)위조사대상,근거영양교육KAP모식자행설계운동원선식영양조사문권,대운동원진행문권조사。결과:새정운동원영양지식평균분위(47.08±12.60)분(불급격),지식단판주요집중재삼대영양물질화유생소래원급운동영양상관지식방면;영양태도평균분위(87.70±7.40)분(우수),새정운동원정체영양태도흔호,남자우우녀자;영양행위평균분위(73.94±10.52)분(량호),남자우우녀자,운동원주요존재다충영양소섭입불균형,령식불당급삼찬찬차불합리등문제。상관분석결과표명,영양지식여태도(K-A),영양태도여행위(A-P)지간정명현적상관성(P〈0.05),새정운동원KAP총분여문화정도현저정상관(P〈0.05),여훈련년한화운동급별무명현상관성(P〉0.05),학력월고,기선식영양지식、태도、행위정체표현월호。결론:새정운동원영양지식적장악정황불용악관,단운동원유적겁량호적영양태도,수요가대운동영양선교력도,개전유효적영양간예조시,위형성합리적영양이념제공지지。차외,결합문권조사결과,건의식당근거실제정황증가식물공응충류,개선휴식일식물공응량;지도운동원과학가찬,정학인도운동원적령식행위。
Objective:Investigation of nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) were car- ried out by questionnaire survey in elite rowers of Guangdong province, which provides a scien- tific basis for the researchers to develop a scientific and effective nutrition education program and interventions. Methods:46 elite rowers, including 26 males and 20 females, were involved in this study by completing a self-designed daily diet questionnaire. Results:The average score of nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice were 47.08 ± 12.60,87.70 ± 7.40 and 73.94 ±10.52 respectively. Male athletes were better than female athletes in scores of nutrition atti- tude and practice. Problems such as unbalanced nutrition intakes, improper snacks and unrea- sonable meals were widespread among the athletes. The results of correlation analysis showed that K-A and A-P have a significantly positive correlation(P〈0.05). The total score of KAP and education result in a significantly positive correlation(P〈0.05)and an insignificantly cor- relation with the training and exercise level(P〉0. 05). Conclusion: Nutrition knowledge is commonly low among elite rowers, while they have a positive attitude. Effective nutritional edu- cation should be carried out to improve their nutritional knowledge, as well as support should be provided for forming the concept of rational nutrition. In addition, the canteen should adjust food according to the characteristics of sports, increase the kinds of foods during non-training days. The coaches and researchers should give correct advice and guidance on snacks.