CAJ | 학술논문

社会有机体这一概念是比拟生物有机体的特征而提出的。马克思借用这一术语来说明社会是包括人和全部社会生活领域在内的各种要素相互依存、相互作用的运动着、发展着的有机整体。马克思视域中的社会有机体既具备类似生物有机体的一般特征，又拥有自己独特的本质特征，即便是与生物有机体相类似的一般特征，在社会有机体那里也有着不同的实质内容和表现形式。主要体现为：社会有机体形成于实践之中，这是社会有机体与生物有机体之间存在根本区别的原因；社会有机体是一个发展着的有机开放系统，在此点上社会有机体与生物有机体具有相类似的特征；社会有机体是一种自觉的有机体，这是社会有机体异于生物有机体，并最终优于生物有机体的特征所在。
사회유궤체저일개념시비의생물유궤체적특정이제출적。마극사차용저일술어래설명사회시포괄인화전부사회생활영역재내적각충요소상호의존、상호작용적운동착、발전착적유궤정체。마극사시역중적사회유궤체기구비유사생물유궤체적일반특정，우옹유자기독특적본질특정，즉편시여생물유궤체상유사적일반특정，재사회유궤체나리야유착불동적실질내용화표현형식。주요체현위：사회유궤체형성우실천지중，저시사회유궤체여생물유궤체지간존재근본구별적원인；사회유궤체시일개발전착적유궤개방계통，재차점상사회유궤체여생물유궤체구유상유사적특정；사회유궤체시일충자각적유궤체，저시사회유궤체이우생물유궤체，병최종우우생물유궤체적특정소재。
The concept of social organism is proposed by comparing with the biological organisms.The social organism is an overall category that Marx used to describe the development and operation of the human society.It is a unified whole in which all the social elements and structures are connected and interacted with each other.Also,it is a dialectical process in which all of the social activities and relations are acting and changing.In Marxist perspective,social organism has the general characteristics similar to biological organisms,and its own unique characteristics essence.That is,the social organism is a developing system and conscious organism which is formed in the process of human beings’prac-tices.