CAJ | 학술논문

负性情绪是导致个体毒品成瘾及复吸的主要心理因素。毒品成瘾者在情绪加工过程中会夸大负性刺激，产生负性化偏向，提高负性情绪的唤醒度，最终导致其产生更多负性情绪体验。而当毒品成瘾者体验到诸如焦虑、抑郁、压力等负性情绪时，他们却更倾向于使用毒品来缓解或逃避负性情绪带来的不愉快体验。研究表明，毒品成瘾者这种负性情绪加工异常的根本原因在于长期毒品滥用所导致的个体大脑情绪回路相关脑区的受损，如杏仁核、海马、额叶等。未来研究应更进一步探讨成瘾者负性情绪加工与毒品成瘾之间的关系；并对戒断者在负性情绪加工能力的恢复方面做进一步探索，开展更多的关于如何改善成瘾者及戒断者对负性情绪应对方式的研究，从而更为有效抑制个体对毒品形成的心理依赖及强迫的药物渴求行为。
부성정서시도치개체독품성은급복흡적주요심리인소。독품성은자재정서가공과정중회과대부성자격，산생부성화편향，제고부성정서적환성도，최종도치기산생경다부성정서체험。이당독품성은자체험도제여초필、억욱、압력등부성정서시，타문각경경향우사용독품래완해혹도피부성정서대래적불유쾌체험。연구표명，독품성은자저충부성정서가공이상적근본원인재우장기독품람용소도치적개체대뇌정서회로상관뇌구적수손，여행인핵、해마、액협등。미래연구응경진일보탐토성은자부성정서가공여독품성은지간적관계；병대계단자재부성정서가공능력적회복방면주진일보탐색，개전경다적관우여하개선성은자급계단자대부성정서응대방식적연구，종이경위유효억제개체대독품형성적심리의뢰급강박적약물갈구행위。
Many reasons can lead people to use drugs, such as high sensation seeking, physical symptoms, social stress, and negative emotion. A lot of research found that negative emotion is the main psychological factor that caused individuals to be addicted to drugs, because negative emotion can enhance an individual＇s impulsiveness. This paper will discuss how drug addicts process negative emotions and what kind of ways they use to deal with it, and it will reveal the relationship between negative emotion and the behaviors of drug addiction and relapse. Firstly, there are some differences between drug addicts and healthy people in the processing of negative emotion. For example, drug addicts may exaggerate the negative stimuli, or generate negative biases that enhance the arousal of negative emotion. The euphoria and mental satisfaction and other positive feelings that they experience during the use of drugs can help them to alleviate or get rid of negative emotional states. These characteristics of negative emotion processing make drug addicts produce more negative emotional experience. Secondly, when drug addicts experience some negative emotions, they tend to use drugs to escape these unpleasant experiences. Researchers used Event-related Potentials （ERP） and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging （fMRI） to research the neural mechanism of negative emotion processing of drug addicts. The results suggest that when the addicts are processing negative emotions, their brain emotion circuit involves major brain regions including the amygdala, frontal cortex, and hippocampus, etc. The damage of these brain regions is the physiological basis of individual＇s cognitive impairment and emotion regulation, thus causing the addicts to have abnormal emotional experience. From all of the above, individuals＇ abnormal negative emotion processing and coping styles led them to use drugs. The reason of this phenomenon may be due to their chronic use of drugs, it results in the damage of the brain areas which involves negative emotion processing. Both the addicts and abstainers are accompanied by negative emotions, which is the main reason for the high relapse rate. In order to suppress individual＇s psychological dependence on drugs and drug craving behaviors more effectively, future studies should further explore the relationship between negative emotional processing and drug addiction. We should conduct more research on how to reduce the negative experience of drug addicts, and improve their ability of managing and adjusting negative emotion. In addition, some research has revealed that the emotional processing capacity of heroin abstainers will be recovered via withdrawal. In the future, researchers should further explore the recovery of negative emotional processing capacity of drug abstainers.