CAJ | 학술논문

＂天下为公＂作为一种思想资源和政治范型,在讲求公平和博爱的意义上一直存在于中国社会。博爱由于其内含的人己关系的公平,为公天下注入了最为深厚的情感资源。从人的自然生成及气与性结合的层面出发,人们可以超越现实具体的差别,寻求观念和抽象的平等。张载提出的＂民胞物与＂,使公平和博爱跨越血亲＂小家＂走向同气同性的＂大家＂。人与己如能放在同一的公平尺度上予以考量,德性的关爱普遍播撒,定会得到天下民心的呼应和顺从。公平主要不是从动机,而是从效果——疏通执滞、宽慰心灵而最终＂太和＂的角度去理解。有常心爱人爱物,己亦会被人物常爱,爱的公共性和互惠性品格得以充分彰显。
＂천하위공＂작위일충사상자원화정치범형,재강구공평화박애적의의상일직존재우중국사회。박애유우기내함적인기관계적공평,위공천하주입료최위심후적정감자원。종인적자연생성급기여성결합적층면출발,인문가이초월현실구체적차별,심구관념화추상적평등。장재제출적＂민포물여＂,사공평화박애과월혈친＂소가＂주향동기동성적＂대가＂。인여기여능방재동일적공평척도상여이고량,덕성적관애보편파살,정회득도천하민심적호응화순종。공평주요불시종동궤,이시종효과——소통집체、관위심령이최종＂태화＂적각도거리해。유상심애인애물,기역회피인물상애,애적공공성화호혜성품격득이충분창현。
In striving for the significance of the fairness and universal love,＂the world is for all＂,as a kind of thought resources and political paradigm,have always existed in the Chinese society.Universal love,which entails the contents of fairness between others and oneself,pours the most profound emotional resources into the idea of＂the world is for all＂.In the light of human natural production and the union of the material force and nature,we can skip the specific differences of reality and seek the ideational and abstract equality.As proposed by Zhang Zai,the concept that ＂people are my brothers and all things are my friends＂enables fairness and universal love which transcends from blood relatives to people as a whole,based on the same material force and nature.If others and oneself can be considered on the same scale of fairness,care and love of virtue would perform universally and obtain the wide support of the general public.Fairness is understood not primarily from motivation,but from the effect——to dredge the stagnation,relieve soul and head for the great harmony.One will receive love from people and things if he loves others and things as always.Thus the character of publicity and reciprocity of love can be fully demonstrated.