CAJ | 학술논문

改善民生不仅要考虑人民生存和生活水平、发展机会和能力,以及权益保护等消费层面,而且还要重视生产力、创新、基础设施及社会制度环境对民生核心要素的互动关系,以实现民生系统持续有效发展。在建立民生发展国际竞争力指标体系基础上,对59个国家或地区1996—2014年民生发展国际竞争力水平进行测度的结果显示,经济社会发达国家民生发展竞争力普遍较好,不同的发展价值理念造就了民生发展系统的不同运行模式,发展中国家在一些领域具有优势。我国在就业、教育和基础设施建设等方面成效显著,社会保障、卫生医疗和休闲要素是发展短板,而生态环境恶化、收入不均和社会制度环境发展趋势对民生改善的支持作用有限。
개선민생불부요고필인민생존화생활수평、발전궤회화능력,이급권익보호등소비층면,이차환요중시생산력、창신、기출설시급사회제도배경대민생핵심요소적호동관계,이실현민생계통지속유효발전。재건립민생발전국제경쟁력지표체계기출상,대59개국가혹지구1996—2014년민생발전국제경쟁력수평진행측도적결과현시,경제사회발체국가민생발전경쟁력보편교호,불동적발전개치이념조취료민생발전계통적불동운행모식,발전중국가재일사영역구유우세。아국재취업、교육화기출설시건설등방면성효현저,사회보장、위생의료화휴한요소시발전단판,이생태배경악화、수입불균화사회제도배경발전추세대민생개선적지지작용유한。
In the past,researches on livelihood tended to focus on such issues as survival and living standard,development opportunity and capacity,as well as rights protection.Apart from those issues,in fact,productivity,infrastructure and social institution also play important roles in promoting people＇s livelihood.Based on statistics,this paper proposes a new theory of people＇s livelihood development,which aims at the establishment of a sustainable development system of people＇s livelihood,society and productivity,taking double engines of people＇s livelihood and productivity development as the core.Based on the international competitiveness of people＇s livelihood development index conducted in 59 countries from 1996 to 2014,it is shown that developed countries generally enjoy a high level of people＇s livelihood,and values determine a country＇s development pattern.Countries trying to catch up with the developed countries have their own advantages in some fields.While China has achieved considerable progress in employment,education and infrastructure,yet social security system,sanitary and medical services and leisure remain its deficiencies in people＇s livelihood development.What＇s more,ecological deterioration,income inequality,social institutional environment changes do not contribute favorably to people＇s livelihood development.