CAJ | 학술논문

摘要针对危险化学品事故频发的现状，在传统选址模型的基础上建立了双层次应急中心选址模型．利用高斯烟羽模型对危险化学品泄漏风险进行了度量，在经典的p-中值选址模型基础上提出了事故风险和距离相结合的双层次选址模型，改变了传统的一对一应急模式，设置了两类应急中心服务于每一个化工厂，并设计了改进的禁忌搜索算法确定最优选址策略．最后，针对北京市大兴区化工厂的分布情况做了案例分析，给出相应的两个层次应急中心的选址方案，并对层级管理参数A进行了灵敏度分析，验证了加入第二层次应急中心的考虑后，整个应急系统的效率得到了提高，并且应急成本有所下降．
적요침대위험화학품사고빈발적현상，재전통선지모형적기출상건립료쌍층차응급중심선지모형．이용고사연우모형대위험화학품설루풍험진행료도량，재경전적p-중치선지모형기출상제출료사고풍험화거리상결합적쌍층차선지모형，개변료전통적일대일응급모식，설치료량류응급중심복무우매일개화공엄，병설계료개진적금기수색산법학정최우선지책략．최후，침대북경시대흥구화공엄적분포정황주료안례분석，급출상응적량개층차응급중심적선지방안，병대층급관리삼수A진행료령민도분석，험증료가입제이층차응급중심적고필후，정개응급계통적효솔득도료제고，병차응급성본유소하강．
Abstract Targeting the frequent occurrence of hazardous chemicals＇ accidents, a two-level emergency center location model for hazardous chemicals＇ accidents was introduced based on the traditional location model. Specifically, Gaussian plume model was used to measure the risk of leakage of dangerous chemicals. And a two-level location model, which combines the risk of accidents and distance, was built. This model changed the traditional one-on-one emergency mode by selecting two types of emergency centers for each chemical plant. This paper designed an improved tabu search algorithm to determine the optimal location strategy. In the end, a case study was performed according to the distribution of the chemical plants in Daxing district, Beijing. In the case study, a location solution for the corresponding two-level emergency center sites was given. A sensitivity analysis for parameter A was also performed. The results indicated that the whole emergency response system＇s efficiency was improved and the cost was reduced due to the consideration of second-level emergency centers.