心理发展与教育
心理髮展與教育
심리발전여교육
Psychological Development and Education
2015年
2期
165~170
,共null页
李文福 龚正霞 邱江 张庆林
李文福 龔正霞 邱江 張慶林
리문복 공정하 구강 장경림
创造性问题解决 午睡剥夺 原型启发理论 原型激活 启发信息应用
創造性問題解決 午睡剝奪 原型啟髮理論 原型激活 啟髮信息應用
창조성문제해결 오수박탈 원형계발이론 원형격활 계발신식응용
Creative problem solving; Nap-deprivation; Prototype heuristic theory; Prototypal events activation; Heuristic information application
选取生态效度较高的科学发明问题材料(分为高启发量与低启发量两类),采用"1对1"和"8对8"的"学习-测试"实验范式,考察午睡剥夺对科学发明问题解决中的原型启发效应的影响。结果发现:午睡剥夺处理、范式("1对1"和"8对8")和材料启发量高低在原型激活率和问题解决率上主效应均显著,午睡剥夺和范式以及启发量高低在问题解决率以及原型激活率上的交互作用不显著。这一结果说明,午睡剥夺影响科学发明问题解决中的原型启发效应,这种影响是通过对启发信息应用和原型激活两个加工过程的影响而实现的。
選取生態效度較高的科學髮明問題材料(分為高啟髮量與低啟髮量兩類),採用"1對1"和"8對8"的"學習-測試"實驗範式,攷察午睡剝奪對科學髮明問題解決中的原型啟髮效應的影響。結果髮現:午睡剝奪處理、範式("1對1"和"8對8")和材料啟髮量高低在原型激活率和問題解決率上主效應均顯著,午睡剝奪和範式以及啟髮量高低在問題解決率以及原型激活率上的交互作用不顯著。這一結果說明,午睡剝奪影響科學髮明問題解決中的原型啟髮效應,這種影響是通過對啟髮信息應用和原型激活兩箇加工過程的影響而實現的。
선취생태효도교고적과학발명문제재료(분위고계발량여저계발량량류),채용"1대1"화"8대8"적"학습-측시"실험범식,고찰오수박탈대과학발명문제해결중적원형계발효응적영향。결과발현:오수박탈처리、범식("1대1"화"8대8")화재료계발량고저재원형격활솔화문제해결솔상주효응균현저,오수박탈화범식이급계발량고저재문제해결솔이급원형격활솔상적교호작용불현저。저일결과설명,오수박탈영향과학발명문제해결중적원형계발효응,저충영향시통과대계발신식응용화원형격활량개가공과정적영향이실현적。
The present study was designed to explore the nap-deprivation effect on the process of prototype heuristic in scientific innovation problem solving. 32 scientific innovation problem were selected from the real world and divided into high-heuristic effect( HHE) problem and low-heuristic effect( LHE) problem. The learning-test paradigm was used. Specifically,we used "1 to 1"and "8 to 8"paradigm,that is,learn 1 heuristic prototype and then solve 1 scientific problem or learn 8 heuristic prototypes and then solve 8 scientific problems. 36 subjects with nap habit were enrolled and distributed randomly into nap-deprivation group( NDG) or normal nap group( NNP).Dependent variables consisted of the rate of prototypal events activation and the rate of scientific problem solving.The results showed that: 1) the main effect of experimental paradigm,group and material were significant on the rate of prototypal events activation and the rate of scientific problem solving; 2) any significant interactive effect was found. The results suggested that the nap-deprivation influenced the application process of heuristic information and the activation process of prototype events.