CAJ | 학술논문

奥斯丁用＂主权者的命令＂来解释法律,在学界引发很多争论和误解。其实,这只是一种认识方法,以证成法律的存在方式与作用,并不排斥法律与其他社会要素的联系。事实上,奥斯丁为解决法律与一般功利之间的张力,阐释了主权者与臣民之间的制衡关系,为主权者设定了必要的限制,这在一定程度上消解了其法律概念的社会张力。也正是在这一意义上,梅因和哈特对法律的思考有了进一步的延伸与拓展。所以,在谈到奥斯丁的法律概念时,不能只强调其作为主权者命令的一面,还要看到其为化解法律概念的内在张力而为法律概念所开放的空间。片面强调法律中的单一要素,就会使法律与社会脱节,对法律的这种僵化解释将成为社会实践的阻碍。
오사정용＂주권자적명령＂래해석법률,재학계인발흔다쟁론화오해。기실,저지시일충인식방법,이증성법률적존재방식여작용,병불배척법률여기타사회요소적련계。사실상,오사정위해결법률여일반공리지간적장력,천석료주권자여신민지간적제형관계,위주권자설정료필요적한제,저재일정정도상소해료기법률개념적사회장력。야정시재저일의의상,매인화합특대법률적사고유료진일보적연신여탁전。소이,재담도오사정적법률개념시,불능지강조기작위주권자명령적일면,환요간도기위화해법률개념적내재장력이위법률개념소개방적공간。편면강조법률중적단일요소,취회사법률여사회탈절,대법률적저충강화해석장성위사회실천적조애。
＂Command of the sovereign＂is used to interpret the law by Austin,which set off a tremendous amount of controversy and misunderstandings in academic circles. Essentially,it is simply a cognitive method for justifying the existence of the law,rather than to exclude the connection between the law and social elements. In fact,in order to resolve the tension between the law and general utility,Austin explains the relationship with checks and balances between the sovereign and the subject,and imposes indispensable restrictions on the sovereign. To a certain extent,it eliminates the social tension of the legal conception. It is in this sense that Maine and Hart＇s thoughts of law have the further extension and expansion. Therefore,when discussing Austin＇s conception of law,we shall not emphasize the respect of the sovereign＇s command merely,but still realize the open space that Austin adopts to resolve intrinsic tension of the legal conception. One-sided emphasis on the single factor of the law departs it from society,and the rigid interpretation of the law will hinder social practice.