CAJ | 학술논문

非正规就业现已成为我国劳动力市场的主体力量,学术界对非正规就业类型有各种分类。从就业群体这个新的视角,可把我国非正规就业群体分为城镇下岗职工、农村剩余劳动力、高校毕业生三种类型,通过对这三个群体的特点和非正规就业形式进行分析发现,三者都存在“自雇型”和“受雇型”非正规就业,但却存在很大的差别。高校毕业生倾向于通过自主创业或独立服务的形式主动选择非正规就业,属于“主动型”非正规就业。城镇下岗职工和农村剩余劳动力属于“被动型”非正规就业。因此,要有效管理劳动力市场实现充分就业就必须积极拓宽就业渠道,加强城镇下岗职工的就业服务,深化户籍制度改革,加强农村剩余劳动力职业技能培训,并激励和扶持高校毕业生自主创业。
비정규취업현이성위아국노동력시장적주체역량,학술계대비정규취업류형유각충분류。종취업군체저개신적시각,가파아국비정규취업군체분위성진하강직공、농촌잉여노동력、고교필업생삼충류형,통과대저삼개군체적특점화비정규취업형식진행분석발현,삼자도존재“자고형”화“수고형”비정규취업,단각존재흔대적차별。고교필업생경향우통과자주창업혹독립복무적형식주동선택비정규취업,속우“주동형”비정규취업。성진하강직공화농촌잉여노동력속우“피동형”비정규취업。인차,요유효관리노동력시장실현충분취업취필수적겁탁관취업거도,가강성진하강직공적취업복무,심화호적제도개혁,가강농촌잉여노동력직업기능배훈,병격려화부지고교필업생자주창업。
Informal employment has become the main force of China＇ s labor market. Academic circles have dif- ferent kinds of classifications of informal employment types, from the new perspective of employment groups, this article divides China＇ s informal employment groups into three parts including urban laid-off workers, rural surplus labor and college graduates. By analyzing the characteristics of three groups and informal employment forms, there exists self-employed and employed informal employment in three kinds of surplus labor force, there is also significant difference between them. As active informal employment, college graduates tend to choose informal employment by the means of self-employment or independent service,while urban laid-off workers and rural surplus labor belong to passive informal employment. Therefore, to effectively manage the labour market and achieve full employment,we need to actively expand employment channels, strengthen urban laid-off workers employment services, deepen the reform of household registration system, intensify vocational and technical training in rural surplus labor, encourage and support college graduates employment and entrepreneurship.