CAJ | 학술논문

对王皓式台内拧拉技术难点“握拍压得较前倾,手腕沿逆时针方向弯曲大及肘关节向外抬高到极限的拧拉技法”进行了分析.结果表明：对半路出家运动员而言,学习新技术成功与否关键是要过技能负迁移关.在教学训练中设计了心理与技术相结合的动作程序,利用“第二信号系统”（语言）来集中内在注意力的训练方法.在拧拉前默念此程序（“手腕沿逆时针方向弯曲至极限,肘关节向外抬高至极限”,才能发力拧.）来提高内在注意力,不断减轻、克服甚至消除技能负迁移的影响,最终才能掌握新技术.然而对已经熟练掌握王皓式台内拧拉技术的高水平运动员而言则无需内在注意力,否则就会破坏无意识能力,使技能自动化的执行受阻,对技能的发挥不但没有帮助反而是有害的,对此应引起广大教练员和运动员的足够重视.
대왕호식태내녕랍기술난점“악박압득교전경,수완연역시침방향만곡대급주관절향외태고도겁한적녕랍기법”진행료분석.결과표명：대반로출가운동원이언,학습신기술성공여부관건시요과기능부천이관.재교학훈련중설계료심리여기술상결합적동작정서,이용“제이신호계통”（어언）래집중내재주의력적훈련방법.재녕랍전묵념차정서（“수완연역시침방향만곡지겁한,주관절향외태고지겁한”,재능발력녕.）래제고내재주의력,불단감경、극복심지소제기능부천이적영향,최종재능장악신기술.연이대이경숙련장악왕호식태내녕랍기술적고수평운동원이언칙무수내재주의력,부칙취회파배무의식능력,사기능자동화적집행수조,대기능적발휘불단몰유방조반이시유해적,대차응인기엄대교련원화운동원적족구중시.
The author analyzed such technical challenges in WANG Hao style over-the-table twist-pulling techniqueas “tilt the paddle somewhat forward, bend the wrist counterclockwise and raise the elbow joint outward to thelimit”, and revealed that for a halfway player, the key to success in learning a new technique is to get over negativeskill transformation. During teaching and training, the author designed a movement procedure in which psychologyis combined with technique, a training method used to focus on inner attention by utilizing “the second signal system（language）”. Prior to twist-pulling, the player meditates this procedure （he/she can vigorously twist the ball onlyafter he/she has bent the wrist counterclockwise to the limit and raised the elbow joint outward to the limit）, so as toenhance his/her inner attention, constantly reduce, overcome or even eliminate the effect of negative skill transformation,and ultimately master this new technique. However, as for a high performance player who has already masteredWANG Hao style over-the-table twist-pulling technique, he/she needs no inner attention, otherwise, it willdamage his/her unconscious competence, obstruct the execution of skill automation, do no good but harm to skillexertion, which should be adequately noted by various coaches and players.