CAJ | 학술논문

20世纪中期,T·H·马歇尔将公民身份的构成要素归纳为公民权利、政治权利和社会权利,并且结合英国社会历史的发展情况,就社会权利进行了深入的思考,开创了现代公民身份研究的新领域。然而批评者指出,无条件的社会公民权利和福利政策,将制造＂保姆国家＂,导致公民去政治化、去道德化的不良后果,造成社会权利与公民权利之间的矛盾。顺应全球化时代发展的要求,实现公民身份从权利到责任的转向,构建公民权利和责任相对平衡的关系,造就整体公民身份,从超国家的视野和世界主义责任的角度,丰富国家公民身份的内涵,已经成为西方公民身份发展的基本走向。但是,世界主义公民身份不是一种独立的存在形态,它只是立足于国家公民身份对人类面临的全球化问题的观照。
20세기중기,T·H·마헐이장공민신빈적구성요소귀납위공민권리、정치권리화사회권리,병차결합영국사회역사적발전정황,취사회권리진행료심입적사고,개창료현대공민신빈연구적신영역。연이비평자지출,무조건적사회공민권리화복리정책,장제조＂보모국가＂,도치공민거정치화、거도덕화적불량후과,조성사회권리여공민권리지간적모순。순응전구화시대발전적요구,실현공민신빈종권리도책임적전향,구건공민권리화책임상대평형적관계,조취정체공민신빈,종초국가적시야화세계주의책임적각도,봉부국가공민신빈적내함,이경성위서방공민신빈발전적기본주향。단시,세계주의공민신빈불시일충독립적존재형태,타지시립족우국가공민신빈대인류면림적전구화문제적관조。
In the middlle of the 20 th century,T.H.Marshall summarized the elements of citizenship as civil rights,political rights and social rights.Combining with the development of the British modern social history,he reflected on social rights,and created a new field of the research on modern citizenship.However,Critics pointed out that the unconditional civil rights and social welfare policies would create ＂ nanny state＂ which could lead to the adverse consequences of depoliticization and demoralization,and the conflict between social rights and civil rights.In order to conform to the requirements of the globalization developments,achieving changes of researches on citizenship from right to responsibility,constructing a comparatively balanced relationship between civil rights and responsibilities,creating a whole citizenship,and enriching the connotation of citizenship from the vision of supranational and the perspective of cosmopolitan responsibility have became the basic directions of the study on citizenship in the west.However,the cosmopolitan citizenship is not an independent existence.Basing on the national citizenship,it is one kind of care about the global problems of the human.