CAJ | 학술논문

本文在企业异质性贸易理论的框架下，通过设置贸易便利化参数建立了贸易便利化对出口多样化作用的微观机理模型。借鉴Dennis和Shepherd（2011）的研究，建立贸易便利化对出口多样化影响的计量经济模型，应用2011年出口美国的85国96部门样本数据，采用PPML估计，结果发现：在控制部门固定效应后，出口所需天数的减少能有效增加出口产品种类的数目，即贸易便利化能有效提升出口多样化水平；同时，也考虑了出口所需天数和部门支出存在的内生性问题，选取离赤道的距离和2007年部门支出作为工具变量，发现本文的样本数据存在内生性的可能性极小；此外，还通过替换估计方法和变量、控制国家地理特征和要素特征以及单独考察非农产品三方面进行稳健性检验，结果全部稳健可靠。
본문재기업이질성무역이론적광가하，통과설치무역편리화삼수건립료무역편리화대출구다양화작용적미관궤리모형。차감Dennis화Shepherd（2011）적연구，건립무역편리화대출구다양화영향적계량경제모형，응용2011년출구미국적85국96부문양본수거，채용PPML고계，결과발현：재공제부문고정효응후，출구소수천수적감소능유효증가출구산품충류적수목，즉무역편리화능유효제승출구다양화수평；동시，야고필료출구소수천수화부문지출존재적내생성문제，선취리적도적거리화2007년부문지출작위공구변량，발현본문적양본수거존재내생성적가능성겁소；차외，환통과체환고계방법화변량、공제국가지리특정화요소특정이급단독고찰비농산품삼방면진행은건성검험，결과전부은건가고。
Based on the Heterogeneous-firm Trade theory, this paper sets trade facilitation parameters and establishes a model of the microscopic mechanism describing the role of trade facilitation in export diversification. The study of Dennis and Shepherd （2011） is referred to in establishing the econometric mod- el. Using sample data of 85 countries＇ exports to the United States involving 96 sectors in 2011, this paper conducts a PPML estimation, finding that trade faeilitation can effectively improve the level of export diversification. Specifically, when the sector fixed effect is controlled, a reduced number of days required for export can effectively enhance the diversification of export products, with every 1% reduction in the number of days required for export corresponding to a 0.773% increase in the number of types of export products. The issue of endogeneity of days required for export and sector expenditures is inspected. By setting the distance from the equator and the 2007 sector expenditure as instrumental variables, this paper confirms that the possibility of endogeneity is very small in the sample data. Therefore, we put the IV-POISSON regression only as a robustness test. In addition, this paper also replaces the estimation methods and variables, controls the national geographic features and characteristics of elements and examines separately non-agricultural products, concluding that the results are all robust and reliable.