CAJ | 학술논문

保护湿地资源成为近年来世界各国政府和学者关注的热点问题。居民是保护的主体,其生产及生活方式对湿地保护具有重要的影响。以北京农村和城市居民为研究对象,通过结构式问卷调查的方式,应用卡方分析的方法,对比分析了农村和城市两组居民对湿地基本常识、保护中存在问题、保护湿地以及学习湿地知识的认知度。结果发现：虽然两组居民对大部分湿地基本常识认知具有显著性差异（P〈0.001）,但认知度都较低;两组居民对湿地现状及存在问题的认知具有较高的一致性（P〉0.1）,但农村居民缺乏湿地污染影响因素的知识;两组居民在对保护湿地各项的认知中,大部分选项具有显著性差异（P〈0.001）,特别是仅有14%的居民知道《北京湿地保护条例》已正式颁布实施;农村居民继续学习湿地知识的意愿较为强烈,现场授课是他们最认可的学习方式。基于此,提出了2点政策建议：一是加强对公民的湿地知识宣传,积极探索全社会湿地保护参与机制;二是积极建立健全湿地生态补偿机制。
보호습지자원성위근년래세계각국정부화학자관주적열점문제。거민시보호적주체,기생산급생활방식대습지보호구유중요적영향。이북경농촌화성시거민위연구대상,통과결구식문권조사적방식,응용잡방분석적방법,대비분석료농촌화성시량조거민대습지기본상식、보호중존재문제、보호습지이급학습습지지식적인지도。결과발현：수연량조거민대대부분습지기본상식인지구유현저성차이（P〈0.001）,단인지도도교저;량조거민대습지현상급존재문제적인지구유교고적일치성（P〉0.1）,단농촌거민결핍습지오염영향인소적지식;량조거민재대보호습지각항적인지중,대부분선항구유현저성차이（P〈0.001）,특별시부유14%적거민지도《북경습지보호조례》이정식반포실시;농촌거민계속학습습지지식적의원교위강렬,현장수과시타문최인가적학습방식。기우차,제출료2점정책건의：일시가강대공민적습지지식선전,적겁탐색전사회습지보호삼여궤제;이시적겁건립건전습지생태보상궤제。
The governments and academics around the world are concerned about the wetland resources conservation which has become a hot issue in recent years.Residents are the body for conservation,and their production lifestyle has an important impact on the wetland conservation.In this study,Beijing rural and urban residents were chosen as research subjects,and structured questionnaires were used in the research.The Chi-square test was used in a comparative analysis for the perceptions of wetlands basic knowledge,protection problems,the protection of wetlands and learning wetland knowledge.The results showed that the two groups residents had low perception of basic wetlands knowledge but with significant differences（P〈0.001）;All residents had a higher consistency of wetland status and cognitive problems（P〉 0.1）,but rural residents showed the obvious lack of the knowledge of wetland pollution factors;two groups residents had significant differences（P〈0.001）for most of the options of the awareness of the wetlands protection,in particular,only 14 % of residents had known that the conservation ordinance for Beijing wetlands has been officially promulgated and implemented.Rural residents had strong awareness to learn more knowledge of wetlands,and site instruction was recognized the best way of learning.Finally,based on the conclusions of this study,two suggestions were showed：First,the governments should strengthen propaganda of wetlands knowledge for all Chinese residents,and actively explore the mechanism in the whole society to participate in wetland protection.Second,the governments should actively establish and improve wetland ecological compensation mechanism.