学术月刊
學術月刊
학술월간
Academic Monthly
2015年
4期
79~94
,共null页
宪政经济学 契约 知识 奥地利学派
憲政經濟學 契約 知識 奧地利學派
헌정경제학 계약 지식 오지리학파
constitutional economics, contract, knowledge, Austrian school
在1986年获得诺贝尔经济学奖之后,布坎南的宪法理论发生了明显的奥地利学派化,他淡化了“维克塞尔模式”的内容,而扩展了“哈耶克领域”的因素。布坎南将知识理论引入了自身的研究纲领之中,试图与原有的契约论方法形成互补。契约理论与知识理论的结合产生出了一个混合的宪政经济学研究纲领。由于布坎南坚持使用理性方法来解决立宪时的知识问题,新的研究纲领存在内在的紧张。实质上,紧张源于在规则问题上两种进路——“休谟-哈耶克”式的不可知论与“康德-罗尔斯”式的理性主义——之间的冲突。康德传统所代表的进路强调以理性来设计规则,而休谟传统所代表的进路则主张规则的自发演化。哈耶克和布坎南的工作都是综合性的,相对而言,哈耶克更偏向休谟,而布坎南则更接近康德。
在1986年穫得諾貝爾經濟學獎之後,佈坎南的憲法理論髮生瞭明顯的奧地利學派化,他淡化瞭“維剋塞爾模式”的內容,而擴展瞭“哈耶剋領域”的因素。佈坎南將知識理論引入瞭自身的研究綱領之中,試圖與原有的契約論方法形成互補。契約理論與知識理論的結閤產生齣瞭一箇混閤的憲政經濟學研究綱領。由于佈坎南堅持使用理性方法來解決立憲時的知識問題,新的研究綱領存在內在的緊張。實質上,緊張源于在規則問題上兩種進路——“休謨-哈耶剋”式的不可知論與“康德-囉爾斯”式的理性主義——之間的遲突。康德傳統所代錶的進路彊調以理性來設計規則,而休謨傳統所代錶的進路則主張規則的自髮縯化。哈耶剋和佈坎南的工作都是綜閤性的,相對而言,哈耶剋更偏嚮休謨,而佈坎南則更接近康德。
재1986년획득낙패이경제학장지후,포감남적헌법이론발생료명현적오지리학파화,타담화료“유극새이모식”적내용,이확전료“합야극영역”적인소。포감남장지식이론인입료자신적연구강령지중,시도여원유적계약론방법형성호보。계약이론여지식이론적결합산생출료일개혼합적헌정경제학연구강령。유우포감남견지사용이성방법래해결립헌시적지식문제,신적연구강령존재내재적긴장。실질상,긴장원우재규칙문제상량충진로——“휴모-합야극”식적불가지론여“강덕-라이사”식적이성주의——지간적충돌。강덕전통소대표적진로강조이이성래설계규칙,이휴모전통소대표적진로칙주장규칙적자발연화。합야극화포감남적공작도시종합성적,상대이언,합야극경편향휴모,이포감남칙경접근강덕。
After winning the Nobel Prize in 1986, Buchanan＇s constitutional theory happens a obvious transtition to Austrian school----he fades out the contents of＂Wicksellian setting＂ and enlarges the elements of ＂Hayekian realm＂. Buchanan imports knowlegde theory of Austrian school into his research program, he hopes it can be complementary with contract theory. The unite of contract theory and knowledge theory produces a hybrid research program of constitutional economics. Because of insisting on using rational approach to resolve knowledge issue, there are intrinsic contradictions in new program research. In essence, controdiction results from the incoordination of two kinds of rule paradigm： ＂the ignorance theory of Hume-Hayek＂ and ＂the rationalism of Kant-Rawls＂. The tradition of Kant emphasizes on how to design rules by rationality, and the tradition of Hume acclaims on the spontaneous evolution of rules. The works of Hayek and Buchanan are all comprehensiv. Relatively, Hayek is inclined to agree with Hume, and Buchanan is closer to Kant. Buchanan and Hayek all realize that the constitutionalism construction has the property of culture-dependence, this idea has important enlightments to Chinese reform.
