CAJ | 학술논문

尼采在其学术思想生涯的起点上参加了“普法战争”,并从这一现实的政治行动中获得了其哲学的核心观念“权力意志”。未曾以“战争”为主题的哲人,不可能成为真正的政治哲人：尼采完全有理由避免参战,却毅然要求参战,这是深受苏格拉底战争经历的影响。孔子参与并一度主持鲁国政事是为了“治国”,苏格拉底参加三次战役是为了服从城邦的法律,尼采服务于战争是“为祖国效力”：真正的哲人与城邦或祖国休戚与共。然而,政治哲人参与包括“战争”这种政治的极端状态在内的具体政治实践,终究只可能是一种短暂的“政治”行动,古今中外,概莫能外。尽管真正的哲人都不是“和平主义者”,但真正的哲人都不以“匹夫之勇”为其德性。真正的哲人明白,民众眼中的“胜利”,终究只是“被缚的囚徒眼中火光映照在洞壁上的影子”。
니채재기학술사상생애적기점상삼가료“보법전쟁”,병종저일현실적정치행동중획득료기철학적핵심관념“권력의지”。미증이“전쟁”위주제적철인,불가능성위진정적정치철인：니채완전유이유피면삼전,각의연요구삼전,저시심수소격랍저전쟁경력적영향。공자삼여병일도주지로국정사시위료“치국”,소격랍저삼가삼차전역시위료복종성방적법률,니채복무우전쟁시“위조국효력”：진정적철인여성방혹조국휴척여공。연이,정치철인삼여포괄“전쟁”저충정치적겁단상태재내적구체정치실천,종구지가능시일충단잠적“정치”행동,고금중외,개막능외。진관진정적철인도불시“화평주의자”,단진정적철인도불이“필부지용”위기덕성。진정적철인명백,민음안중적“성리”,종구지시“피박적수도안중화광영조재동벽상적영자”。
Just at the outset of his career of academics, Nietzsche served in the Prussian forces during the ＂Franco-Prussian War＂ as a medical orderly, and formed the central conception of ＂Will to Power＂ during the war. A philosopher who never treats ＂war＂ as a critical theme of his own would not be a true political philosopher： Nietzsche had good reason to avoid the war, but he resolutely ask for serving, because he was deeply influenced by Socrates＇ serving experiences during the ＂Peloponnesian War＂. Socrates or Nietzsche as ＂man＂ directly joining battles, cannot be compared with Confucius＇ strategizing to conduct the war as a rule, however, it can only be a sort of transient ＂political＂ action for all political philosophers to participate in political practices including ＂war＂, the extreme state of politics. Although all true philosophers are not ＂pacifists＂, all true philosophers don＇t regard the ＂manliness＂ as their virtue. True philosophers know that the ＂victory＂ in the opinion of common people is only ＂the shadows that the fire casts on the wall in front of fettered prisoners＂.