CAJ | 학술논문

随着中国城市化进程的加快,城市环境问题日益突出。城市公共基础设施,特别是生态环境基础设施的建设和运营,对城市环境质量具有显著的改善作用。城市公共基础设施环境效益反映了基础设施投入与所产生的城市环境有益成果之间的对比关系,是衡量运营效果的重要指标。本文运用基于二次目标函数的DEA交叉效率模型,对中国35个大中城市公共基础设施环境效益状况进行了评价和分析。结果显示,35个大中城市公共基础设施环境效益整体状况并不乐观,特别是一线城市表现很不理想,表明城市公共基础设施环境效益状况与经济发展水平之间并不存在必然的正相关关系;基于聚类分析的评价结果进一步显示,城市公共基础设施环境效益状况与投入规模间也不存在正相关关系。分析表明,除投入结构不合理外,由于社会经济发展压力过大而致使环境承载能力相对不足是导致城市公共基础设施环境效益低下的主要原因。从短期来看,以具有相似投入规模的高效城市为标杆调整公共基础设施投入结构,是低效城市改善环境效益的有效举措;从长期来看,以新型城镇化战略为指导合理推进小城镇公共基础设施建设、以国际典型可持续发展城市为标杆优化城市公共基础设施发展模式,是从根本上改善我国城市公共基础设施环境效益状况的必然选择。
수착중국성시화진정적가쾌,성시배경문제일익돌출。성시공공기출설시,특별시생태배경기출설시적건설화운영,대성시배경질량구유현저적개선작용。성시공공기출설시배경효익반영료기출설시투입여소산생적성시배경유익성과지간적대비관계,시형량운영효과적중요지표。본문운용기우이차목표함수적DEA교차효솔모형,대중국35개대중성시공공기출설시배경효익상황진행료평개화분석。결과현시,35개대중성시공공기출설시배경효익정체상황병불악관,특별시일선성시표현흔불이상,표명성시공공기출설시배경효익상황여경제발전수평지간병불존재필연적정상관관계;기우취류분석적평개결과진일보현시,성시공공기출설시배경효익상황여투입규모간야불존재정상관관계。분석표명,제투입결구불합리외,유우사회경제발전압력과대이치사배경승재능력상대불족시도치성시공공기출설시배경효익저하적주요원인。종단기래간,이구유상사투입규모적고효성시위표간조정공공기출설시투입결구,시저효성시개선배경효익적유효거조;종장기래간,이신형성진화전략위지도합리추진소성진공공기출설시건설、이국제전형가지속발전성시위표간우화성시공공기출설시발전모식,시종근본상개선아국성시공공기출설시배경효익상황적필연선택。
With the speeding up of China＇s urbanization process,the urban environmental problems become increasingly prominent.Urban public infrastructure,especially the environmental infrastructure,can significantly improve the quality of urban environment.Environmental benefits of urban public infrastructure is an important target for the public infrastructure department,which reflects the comparative relations between its input and output of the environment. In this article,the DEA cross-efficiency model based on the quadratic objective function is adopted to evaluate and analyze the urban public infrastructure environmental benefits of 35 Chinese large and medium-sized cities. The results indicate that,the overall state of public infrastructure environmental benefits of 35 Chinese large and medium-sized cities is not ideal,and some developed cities perform especially poor,which reflects that there is no positive correlation between the environmental benefits of urban public infrastructure and level of economic development. A cluster analysis based on input scale shows that,the environmental benefits of urban public infrastructure does not proportional to the input scale else.In addition to the unreasonable input structure,the relative lack of environmental carrying capacity to the enormous pressure of social and economic development is the main cause that leads to the low environmental benefits of urban public infrastructure. For cities which have low efficacy,adjustment of input structure aiming at those cities that have high efficiency and similar input scale can lead to improvement in environmental benefits of public infrastructure in short term. In the long run,promoting infrastructure construction of small towns and changing development mode by the examples of the global sustainable development cities are the necessary choices for all Chinese cities to improve their environmental benefits of urban infrastructure.