CAJ | 학술논문

莫高窟壁画酥碱病变的可溶盐主要为NaCl和Na2SO4,其中Na2SO4是破坏性最严重的盐。为此,以莫高窟壁画典型盐害为模拟对象进行仿真试验研究,重点研究Na2SO4盐在温度交变、干湿循环作用下对砂砾岩、地帐层的剥蚀破坏和强度的影响。结果表明,Na2SO4具有超强的穿透、迁移能力及结晶破坏能力,其结晶行为机理及壁画损害表现形式与氯化钠有很大不同。Na2SO4引起的试块膨胀和剥蚀破坏随着Na2SO4浓度和干湿循环次数的增加明显增大。气象条件中,32.4℃以下的温度区间的温度变化及40%以上的干湿度循环交变,是造成病害加剧的主要因素。盐涨试块强度测试表明,盐的结晶对壁画基体材质砂砾岩的强度损害是非常大,常见不可逆的粉末状酥碱及粒状剥离。研究结果可为正确保护壁画作理论探索时参考。
막고굴벽화소감병변적가용염주요위NaCl화Na2SO4,기중Na2SO4시파배성최엄중적염。위차,이막고굴벽화전형염해위모의대상진행방진시험연구,중점연구Na2SO4염재온도교변、간습순배작용하대사력암、지장층적박식파배화강도적영향。결과표명,Na2SO4구유초강적천투、천이능력급결정파배능력,기결정행위궤리급벽화손해표현형식여록화납유흔대불동。Na2SO4인기적시괴팽창화박식파배수착Na2SO4농도화간습순배차수적증가명현증대。기상조건중,32.4℃이하적온도구간적온도변화급40%이상적간습도순배교변,시조성병해가극적주요인소。염창시괴강도측시표명,염적결정대벽화기체재질사력암적강도손해시비상대,상견불가역적분말상소감급립상박리。연구결과가위정학보호벽화작이론탐색시삼고。
The soluble salts that cause damage to mural paintings in the Mogao grottoes are usually sodium chloride（ Na Cl） and sodium sulfate（ Na2SO4）. Of the destructive forces,the crystallization of sodium sulfate is the worst.This article focuses on how sodium sulfate damages the glutenite and ground layers under different temperature conditions and multiple wet-dry cycles. Sodium sulfate has a great ability to penetrate,migrate and crystallize,causing serious damage. The crystallization mechanism of sodium sulfate and the appearance of damage caused by it are quite different from those of sodium chloride. Expansion and erosion are accelerated by increased sodium sulfate concentrations and certain wet-dry cycle times. Among various meteorological conditions,a dry-wet cycle above40% humidity and the temperature changes below 32. 4 ℃ accelerated the damage. Salt expansion test block strength tests show that the intensity of damage caused by salt crystallization is very large. Typical damage characteristics are formation of powders and granular peeling. The work aimed to explore theories aimed at murals protection.