CAJ | 학술논문

由于我国实行＂走出去＂战略,尤其是在＂一带一路＂重大战略下,越来越多的中国机构和公民走出国门。与此同时,海外中国公民面临的风险也不断增大,安全问题日益凸显,加强海外突发事件应急管理重要而紧迫。＂外交为民＂、＂海外民生＂的治国理念与公民人权意识的增强也使得我国领事保护工作具有重要现实意义,成为外事机构的重要职责。中国与美国历史上的情况较为相似,正是海外公民数量增多带来的频繁挑战使得美国不断推进领事保护工作。由于中国领事保护起步较晚,仍面临诸多问题与挑战,因此本文基于应急管理生命周期理论,对中美两国在海外突发事件应急管理预防期、准备期、应对处置期及善后恢复期四个阶段进行比较研究,揭示中国存在的不足,以期借鉴美国的经验,加强和改善中国的领事保护和应急管理工作。
유우아국실행＂주출거＂전략,우기시재＂일대일로＂중대전략하,월래월다적중국궤구화공민주출국문。여차동시,해외중국공민면림적풍험야불단증대,안전문제일익철현,가강해외돌발사건응급관리중요이긴박。＂외교위민＂、＂해외민생＂적치국이념여공민인권의식적증강야사득아국영사보호공작구유중요현실의의,성위외사궤구적중요직책。중국여미국역사상적정황교위상사,정시해외공민수량증다대래적빈번도전사득미국불단추진영사보호공작。유우중국영사보호기보교만,잉면림제다문제여도전,인차본문기우응급관리생명주기이론,대중미량국재해외돌발사건응급관리예방기、준비기、응대처치기급선후회복기사개계단진행비교연구,게시중국존재적불족,이기차감미국적경험,가강화개선중국적영사보호화응급관리공작。
The implement of go-out strategy, especially One Belt And One Road Strategy makes more and more Chinese enterprises and citizens go abroad. Meanwhile, the risk of China＇s overseas citizens is increasing and the safety problem is increasingly serious. To strengthen the overseas emergency management is of strategic height. Diplomacy for the People, Overseas Livelihood and the enhancement of citizens＇ human right endow consular protection with great realistic meaning. There are similarities between China and the United States in terms of this issue, it is the increasing number of overseas citizens that posed frequent challenges and drove the U.S. government to promote consular protection. Consular protection in China is not developed and mature and it needs to learn from the U.S. to solve various problems. Based on the theory of emergency management life cycle, this paper makes a comparison of consular protection between China and the U.S. in four stages： prevention, preparation, response and recovery, which could conclude the advanced experience of the U.S., fi nd out the defi ciency of China and make improvements for China＇s consular and emergency management work.