CAJ | 학술논문

本研究使用ERPs技术,探讨项目间语义可整合性对联结再认影响的神经机制。学习阶段,让被试学习两类材料,一类是可整合程度高的成语图片对,即成语条件；另一类是可整合程度低的非成语图片对,即非成语条件。测验阶段,让被试进行联结再认判断,判断屏幕上呈现的图片对为“旧”、“重组”还是“新”。行为结果发现：成语条件比非成语条件有更好的联结记忆成绩。ERPs 结果发现：测验阶段,在刺激呈现后约200 ms,无论是成语条件还是非成语条件,均出现“新/旧效应”,持续到800 ms,并且成语条件比非成语条件有更广泛的分布；对于成语条件,刺激呈现后400-800 ms出现“旧/重组效应”,而非成语任何时段均没有出现这种“旧/重组效应”；对于“旧”和“重组”两种反应,刺激呈现后约200 ms开始,成语条件引起的ERPs比非成语条件更正；对于“新”反应,两者无显著差异。由此可以推知,提高项目间的语义可整合程度可以促进联结记忆效率,提高了熟悉性和回忆在联结再认中的作用,此外,在联结再认过程中200-400 ms时间段为项目提取阶段,而400-800 ms时间段为项目间关系的提取阶段,改变项目间语义可整合性只会影响对项目间关系的提取。
본연구사용ERPs기술,탐토항목간어의가정합성대련결재인영향적신경궤제。학습계단,양피시학습량류재료,일류시가정합정도고적성어도편대,즉성어조건；령일류시가정합정도저적비성어도편대,즉비성어조건。측험계단,양피시진행련결재인판단,판단병막상정현적도편대위“구”、“중조”환시“신”。행위결과발현：성어조건비비성어조건유경호적련결기억성적。ERPs 결과발현：측험계단,재자격정현후약200 ms,무론시성어조건환시비성어조건,균출현“신/구효응”,지속도800 ms,병차성어조건비비성어조건유경엄범적분포；대우성어조건,자격정현후400-800 ms출현“구/중조효응”,이비성어임하시단균몰유출현저충“구/중조효응”；대우“구”화“중조”량충반응,자격정현후약200 ms개시,성어조건인기적ERPs비비성어조건경정；대우“신”반응,량자무현저차이。유차가이추지,제고항목간적어의가정합정도가이촉진련결기억효솔,제고료숙실성화회억재련결재인중적작용,차외,재련결재인과정중200-400 ms시간단위항목제취계단,이400-800 ms시간단위항목간관계적제취계단,개변항목간어의가정합성지회영향대항목간관계적제취。
According to dual-process theory, recognition memory is supported by two distinct retrieval processes known as familiarity and recollection. Evidence coming from studies using event-related brain potentials （ERPs ） showed that FN400 old/new effect （300-500 ms, anterior） is related to familiarity and parietal old/new effect （400-800 ms, posterior） is related to recollection. Opinions about how familiarity and recollection support item recognition and associative recognition are changed with time. At beginning, it was found that both familiarity and recollection have contribution to item recognition, but associative recognition is mainly supported by recollection. However, results coming from source memory and associative memory indicated that when items, which are shown simultaneously, can be integrated or engage integrated processing, familiarity also affects associative recognition. The current experiment aims to give a further discussion about how familiarity and recollection affect associative recognition by manipulating the semantic integration between items. The present study used study-recognition paradigm. During study phase, subjects were required to learn two kinds of materials with different integration level. One kind of picture-pairs can be linked by four character Chinese idioms, which have high integration level. We called those picture-pairs as idiom condition. The other kind of pictures can’t be linked by four character Chinese idioms, which have low integration level. We called those picture-pairs as non-idiom condition. In idiom condition, subjects were required to report the idioms linked with picture-pairs. In non-idiom condition, subjects were required to report the names of pictures presented on the screen. In both conditions, subjects were required to remember the picture-pairs and the relationship between the pictures composing the picture-pairs. During test phase, subjects were required to judge if picture-pairs were presented in the same pairing as at study, were rearranged from at study, or were entirely new. ERPs results at test phase showed that old/new effects were obtained in both conditions at 200-800 ms period. Idiom condition has larger distribution than non-idiom condition. But only idiom condition showed old/rearrangement effect at 400-800ms period. The ERPs evoked by old judgments and rearrangement judgments in idiom condition were more positive than that in non idiom condition. However, there was no significant difference between the two conditions for new judgment. Topographic maps analysis showed that there were no significant distribution differences between old/new effects and old/rearrangement effects in both conditions. All results above indicate that item integration affects the efficiency of memory in associative recognition. Highly integrated items result in better recognition performance. Increasing the semantic integration of items can enhance the effects of familiarity and recollection in associative recognition, and can also enhance the effects of conceptual priming in associative recognition.