CAJ | 학술논문

1905年,梁启超写下了《开明专制论》,依托马基雅维利的＂新政治科学＂,梁启超力图克服自由主义宪政原则的危机。梁启超以马基雅维利的视域理解古典思想,改变了＂中体西用＂的思想格局——现代性具有自身之＂体＂,＂新君主＂的政治品质必须基于现代新＂体＂的德性理解。通过对古典思想的重新定位,梁启超与古典立场发生了决裂。然而,梁启超以马基雅维利克服卢梭,毕竟无法突破现代性的原初视域。重新揣摩《开明专制论》的写作用意,有助于反省现代中国的立国根基。
1905년,량계초사하료《개명전제론》,의탁마기아유리적＂신정치과학＂,량계초력도극복자유주의헌정원칙적위궤。량계초이마기아유리적시역리해고전사상,개변료＂중체서용＂적사상격국——현대성구유자신지＂체＂,＂신군주＂적정치품질필수기우현대신＂체＂적덕성리해。통과대고전사상적중신정위,량계초여고전립장발생료결렬。연이,량계초이마기아유리극복로사,필경무법돌파현대성적원초시역。중신췌마《개명전제론》적사작용의,유조우반성현대중국적입국근기。
In 1905, Liang Qichao published his On Liberal Autocracy, in which he attempted to resolve the crisis with the liberalist constitutional principles, basing his ideas on Machiavelli＇s ＂new political science＂.Understanding classic political thoughts in this perspective, Liang transformed the ideology of ＂ Chinese Base with Western Technology＂, pointing out that modernity has its own ＂base＂, and the political quality of ＂ new monarchy＂ must rest on the moral interpretation of this modern ＂base＂. Liang broke away from classic political ideology by reinterpreting it, but his efforts to go beyond Rousseau via Machiavelli failed to transcend the original vision of modernity. A reflection on Liang ＇ s intention of writing On Liberal Autocracy helps us to reconsider the foundation of modern China.