CAJ | 학술논문

中国劳动力供需的变化、普通工人工资的持续上涨等将促使产业结构升级，而产业结构不断升级又必将要求提升人力资本。各级教育的发展能否适应这一要求将直接影响产业结构能否顺利升级。通过分析发达国家和地区（韩国、日本和中国台湾等）的产业结构升级与各级教育发展的关系，发现当产业结构从劳动密集型向资本密集型转变时，劳动力市场对具有初中学历劳动者的需求下降，而对具有高中学历劳动者的需求明显上升；从资本密集型向技术、知识密集型转变时，劳动力市场对具有初中或高中学历劳动者的需求下降，但对受过高等教育的劳动力需求则大幅上升。
중국노동력공수적변화、보통공인공자적지속상창등장촉사산업결구승급，이산업결구불단승급우필장요구제승인력자본。각급교육적발전능부괄응저일요구장직접영향산업결구능부순리승급。통과분석발체국가화지구（한국、일본화중국태만등）적산업결구승급여각급교육발전적관계，발현당산업결구종노동밀집형향자본밀집형전변시，노동력시장대구유초중학력노동자적수구하강，이대구유고중학력노동자적수구명현상승；종자본밀집형향기술、지식밀집형전변시，노동력시장대구유초중혹고중학력노동자적수구하강，단대수과고등교육적노동력수구칙대폭상승。
With the change of labor demand and supply in China and the rising wages of unskilled-workers, the industrial structure will be forced to be upgraded. The upgrading of industrial structure demands to improve the labor quality. If the development of education can meet the demand, the industrial structure will be upgraded successfully. Otherwise, it will face many difficulties. By analyzing the relationship between the industrial structure upgrading and the development of education at all levels in developed countries and regions, it suggests that： during the shift of in- dustrial structure from labor-intensive to capital-intensive, the demand for labor with primary and junior secondary education is declining, but the demand for labor with senior secondary education is increasing;during the shift from capital-intensive to technology and knowledge-intensive,there is a falling demand for labor with secondary educa- tion, and there is a sharp rise in demanding for workers with higher education.