地域研究与开发
地域研究與開髮
지역연구여개발
Areal Research and Development
2015年
2期
7~12
,共null页
贸易距离 全要素生产率 纯出口企业 加工贸易 外资企业
貿易距離 全要素生產率 純齣口企業 加工貿易 外資企業
무역거리 전요소생산솔 순출구기업 가공무역 외자기업
distances of trade total factor productivity pure exporting firms processing trade foreign firms
在中国的出口部门中,低生产率企业的自发出口行为与异质企业贸易理论不符。以贸易距离作为企业出口成本的代理变量,将所有权结构和贸易方式引入标准的异质企业贸易模型研究该＂悖论＂。大量＂纯出口企业＂是造成该悖论的主要原因,该类企业贸易距离低于一般出口企业,且大量存在于加工贸易部门和外资企业。从事加工贸易的企业通常只负责产品的生产、加工或组装,存在事前的销售渠道,而外资企业同样存在事前的销售经历,即这2类企业的出口贸易距离均由于自身的异质性特征而被缩短,在此条件下,出口成为低生产率企业的自发选择。提高企业自主创新能力、加大研发投入是中国加工贸易企业转型的必然途径。
在中國的齣口部門中,低生產率企業的自髮齣口行為與異質企業貿易理論不符。以貿易距離作為企業齣口成本的代理變量,將所有權結構和貿易方式引入標準的異質企業貿易模型研究該＂悖論＂。大量＂純齣口企業＂是造成該悖論的主要原因,該類企業貿易距離低于一般齣口企業,且大量存在于加工貿易部門和外資企業。從事加工貿易的企業通常隻負責產品的生產、加工或組裝,存在事前的銷售渠道,而外資企業同樣存在事前的銷售經歷,即這2類企業的齣口貿易距離均由于自身的異質性特徵而被縮短,在此條件下,齣口成為低生產率企業的自髮選擇。提高企業自主創新能力、加大研髮投入是中國加工貿易企業轉型的必然途徑。
재중국적출구부문중,저생산솔기업적자발출구행위여이질기업무역이론불부。이무역거리작위기업출구성본적대리변량,장소유권결구화무역방식인입표준적이질기업무역모형연구해＂패론＂。대량＂순출구기업＂시조성해패론적주요원인,해류기업무역거리저우일반출구기업,차대량존재우가공무역부문화외자기업。종사가공무역적기업통상지부책산품적생산、가공혹조장,존재사전적소수거도,이외자기업동양존재사전적소수경력,즉저2류기업적출구무역거리균유우자신적이질성특정이피축단,재차조건하,출구성위저생산솔기업적자발선택。제고기업자주창신능력、가대연발투입시중국가공무역기업전형적필연도경。
The self-selection exporting of less productive firms in China＇s export sectors is inconsistent with the traditional heterogeneous firm trade theory. By introducing ownership structures and trade modes into standard heterogeneous firm trade mode and treating distances of trade（ DOTs） as a proxy for export cost,this paper tries to analyze this paradox. The study shows that large amounts of pure export enterprises is the main cause of the paradox,whose DOTs are large shorter than normal export firms and which mainly exist in the processing trade sector and foreign firms. Firms engaged in processing trade are usually only responsible for production,processing or assembling,they have existing distribution channels,while foreign firms have ex ante experience,meaning their DOTs are cut shorter because of their own heterogeneity. Under these conditions,exports have become the self-selection of less productive firms. Improving firms＇ capability of independent innovation and increasing investment in RD should be the inevitable way for the transformation of China＇s processing trade firms.
