CAJ | 학술논문

应用国外较成熟的半分布式水文模型HSPF,建立了东江流域径流与非点源污染模拟模型,在此基础上定量计算与分析了东江流域非点源污染的时空分布特征。结果表明：径流模拟的相对误差在10%以内,纳什效率系数大于0.8,泥沙以及非点源污染氨氮、总磷模拟的相对误差在15%以内,纳什效率系数大于0.6,所建立的基于HSPF的模型可以满足研究东江流域径流与非点源污染长期变化过程与时空分布特征的需要;丰水年是东江流域非点源污染物流失的关键年份,降雨对东江流域非点源污染过程影响很大,汛期是东江流域非点源污染防治的关键时期;东江流域氨氮、总磷非点源污染月负荷与月降雨量存在非线性相关,复合回归曲线可较好地拟合两者的时间变化;东江流域非点源污染的关键区域主要位于流域中下游源城区、博罗县、惠城区中耕地与建设用地集中的地块;各子流域非点源污染产生的氨氮、总磷浓度指标与耕地、园地、林地、建设用地面积比例存在显著的线性相关关系。
응용국외교성숙적반분포식수문모형HSPF,건립료동강류역경류여비점원오염모의모형,재차기출상정량계산여분석료동강류역비점원오염적시공분포특정。결과표명：경류모의적상대오차재10%이내,납십효솔계수대우0.8,니사이급비점원오염안담、총린모의적상대오차재15%이내,납십효솔계수대우0.6,소건립적기우HSPF적모형가이만족연구동강류역경류여비점원오염장기변화과정여시공분포특정적수요;봉수년시동강류역비점원오염물류실적관건년빈,강우대동강류역비점원오염과정영향흔대,신기시동강류역비점원오염방치적관건시기;동강류역안담、총린비점원오염월부하여월강우량존재비선성상관,복합회귀곡선가교호지의합량자적시간변화;동강류역비점원오염적관건구역주요위우류역중하유원성구、박라현、혜성구중경지여건설용지집중적지괴;각자류역비점원오염산생적안담、총린농도지표여경지、완지、임지、건설용지면적비례존재현저적선성상관관계。
Non-point source pollution has become one of the main reasons for the deterioration of water quality in China,and further studies on non-point source pollution such as simulation methods in medium and large scale basin are needed. The hydrological simulation program-fortran（ HSPF） was set up and calibrated for the Dongjiang River basin in the southern China,which was proved to be applicable to the study of the hydrologic regime and nonpoint source pollution of the Dongjiang River. Based on the model built in Dongjiang River basin,the non-point source pollution（ NPS） loads was evaluated and the discipline of temporal and spatial distribution of NPS loads was analyzed. The results indicate that（ 1） the relative average deviations and efficiency coefficients for the simulation of stream flow were less than 10% and more than 0. 8,respectively,and which for the simulation of sediment,ammonia nitrogen（ NH3-N） and total phosphorus（ TP） were less than 15% and more than 0. 6,respectively;（ 2）rainfall has significant influence on NPS loads in the Dongjiang River basin,and the flood season from May to August is the key period of controlling NPS;（ 3） the compound regression curve can fit well the monthly timeseries data of simulated NH3-N loads and observed rainfall,as is also TP loads and rainfall in the Dongjiang River basin;（ 4） NH3-N and TP loads from NPS per square kilometer were greater in the middle and lower reaches and areas with intensive agricultural and building lands,than other areas of the Dongjiang River basin;（ 5） there were significant linear correlations between NH3-N concentration and area ratio of cultivated land,garden,forest,construction land of each subbasins,respectively,and as is also TP.