CAJ | 학술논문

在开放式创新背景下，协同创新已成为中小企业可持续发展的必然选择。基于国内外已有研究，区分中小企业协同创新的4种模式，即战略联盟模式、专利合作模式、研发外包模式、要素转移模式，探究中小企业协同创新模式与协同效应和创新绩效之间的关系。基于长三角都市圈16个城市的427家中小型制造业企业的实证数据，运用结构方程模型，对企业协同创新的多维模式与协同效应和创新绩效的交互关系进行识别。研究结果表明，战略联盟模式、专利合作模式、研发外包模式、要素转移模式均与企业创新绩效和企业协同效应正相关，协同效应在中小企业协同创新模式与创新绩效关系中具有显著的中介效应。
재개방식창신배경하，협동창신이성위중소기업가지속발전적필연선택。기우국내외이유연구，구분중소기업협동창신적4충모식，즉전략련맹모식、전리합작모식、연발외포모식、요소전이모식，탐구중소기업협동창신모식여협동효응화창신적효지간적관계。기우장삼각도시권16개성시적427가중소형제조업기업적실증수거，운용결구방정모형，대기업협동창신적다유모식여협동효응화창신적효적교호관계진행식별。연구결과표명，전략련맹모식、전리합작모식、연발외포모식、요소전이모식균여기업창신적효화기업협동효응정상관，협동효응재중소기업협동창신모식여창신적효관계중구유현저적중개효응。
As economic development relies on the innovative capacity of a firm , a firm is required to conduct innovations to sur-vive in the market .The manufacturing industry is the main driving force of economic growth and social development , and thus small and medium-sized enterprises（SMEs） play a key role in the transition periods of a developing country .Therefore, it is es-sential for SMEs to innovate for a long-term growth and survival.However, at present, it is difficult for SMEs to innovate only on their own because the resource shortage being small scale hinders their progressive innovation .Therefore, SMEs tend to under-take collaborative innovation to adjust themselves to the new complex and changeable environment . Based on the empirical data of 427 SMEs in the Yangtze River Delta , this paper explores the impacts of collaborative innovation modes on the collaborative innovation effects and innovation performance of firms using the method of Structural Equation Model -ing.Some noteworthy findings are observed：firstly, there are positive relationships between collaborative innovation modes （viz., strategic alliance , technology patents , research and development outsourcing , and collaborative elements transfer ） and innovation performance of firms;secondly, there are positive relationships between collaborative innovation modes （viz., strategic alliance, technology patents , research and development outsourcing , and collaborative elements transfer ） and collaborative effects of firms;thirdly, the collaborative effect plays a mediator role in the relationship between collaborative innovation modes （ viz., strategic alliance, technology patents , research and development outsourcing , and collaborative elements transfer ） and innovation perform-ance of firms.These findings offer some new ideas to the current researches of the influence of collaborative innovation modes on innovative performance of firms . Thus, our study has contributed to the study of SMEs and collaborative innovation literatures to some extent .First of all, based on the previous theories , this study classified collaborative innovation of SMEs into four modes （ Strategic alliances mode , Patent collaboration mode , R＆amp;D outsourcing mode and Factors exchange mode ） .Compared with some other case studies in China on collaborative innovation , our study explored the mechanism how collaborative innovation promotes innovation performance of SMEs.Secondly, our findings provide some important implications for managers and policy makers concerned with the manage -ment of collaborative innovation of SMEs .From a manager′s perspective , it reflects that different collaborative innovation modes have different impacts on collaborative effects and innovation performance , and valid modes should be used to source external knowledge and resources .From a policy perspective , more favorable polices on collaborative innovation for SMEs should be made .