CAJ | 학술논문

传统的拥堵收费忽略了居民的异质性,无法有效地规避居民出行的时空集聚。鉴于不同居民出行时间价值的差异,从时空集聚的视角研究交通拥堵收费的可行性。综合时间价值与出行成本分析路网运行状态,以居民效益最大化为目标函数,建立路网的系统最优模型;在时间价值为拥堵收费基础上,针对不同属性的路径设定动态时变费率的收费标准,并通过交通流及公平性两个层面审视拥堵收费的效果。模拟结果表明：基于居民出行时间价值的拥堵收费下,刚性出行用户支付不同的费用选择不同路径,弹性出行用户需求也得到降低,交通流量从高峰时段向非高峰时段转移,缓解高峰时段的交通拥堵,在体现社会公平原则下提高拥堵收费方案的认可度。
전통적옹도수비홀략료거민적이질성,무법유효지규피거민출행적시공집취。감우불동거민출행시간개치적차이,종시공집취적시각연구교통옹도수비적가행성。종합시간개치여출행성본분석로망운행상태,이거민효익최대화위목표함수,건립로망적계통최우모형;재시간개치위옹도수비기출상,침대불동속성적로경설정동태시변비솔적수비표준,병통과교통류급공평성량개층면심시옹도수비적효과。모의결과표명：기우거민출행시간개치적옹도수비하,강성출행용호지부불동적비용선택불동로경,탄성출행용호수구야득도강저,교통류량종고봉시단향비고봉시단전이,완해고봉시단적교통옹도,재체현사회공평원칙하제고옹도수비방안적인가도。
Traditional congestion charging ignores user heterogeneity,which makes it inefficient to avoid the spatio-temporal agglomeration for travel. Taking the difference of value of time（ VOT） into consideration,this paper explores the feasibility of the congestion charging based on VOT,from the spatio-temporal agglomeration perspective. It integrates the VOT with the travel costs to analyze the running for the road network,making a function based on the maximum benefit of the residents to build a optimization model for the road network system. On the foundation of VOT to charge,it sets dynamic time-varying rates of charges for roads＇ attributes,and examines the effects of congestion charge from both traffic flow and fairness. The results of numerical simulation present that in view of the congestion charging involved time of value,residents with a rigid travel will face various paths for different cost,which will lower the elasticity of the travel demand. Furthermore,the traffic flow shifting to off-peak hours can not only ease traffic congestion during peak periods,but also boost recognition of congestion charging under the equitable principle.