CAJ | 학술논문

＂为政以德＂开宗明义指出了政治以实现正义为圭臬。政治的正义品质依据自然法则。＂为政＂卷开篇给出了两个自然,第一是＂譬如＂句作为明喻揭示的宇宙的自然,其运行依据＂道＂;第二是第二章作为暗喻描述的社会的自然,其运行依据＂德＂。＂道＂与＂德＂都是正义的体现,然而＂为政以德＂却有两种情形,即第三章所展示的＂德＂＂礼＂之治和＂政＂＂刑＂之治。＂德＂＂礼＂之治是＂礼治＂,＂政＂＂刑＂之治是＂法治＂,两者都是＂德治＂。＂德治＂本质上是一种民主政治。
＂위정이덕＂개종명의지출료정치이실현정의위규얼。정치적정의품질의거자연법칙。＂위정＂권개편급출료량개자연,제일시＂비여＂구작위명유게시적우주적자연,기운행의거＂도＂;제이시제이장작위암유묘술적사회적자연,기운행의거＂덕＂。＂도＂여＂덕＂도시정의적체현,연이＂위정이덕＂각유량충정형,즉제삼장소전시적＂덕＂＂례＂지치화＂정＂＂형＂지치。＂덕＂＂례＂지치시＂례치＂,＂정＂＂형＂지치시＂법치＂,량자도시＂덕치＂。＂덕치＂본질상시일충민주정치。
＂Governance by virtue＂straightly indicates that the goal of politics is for justice,and that the justice of politics should rely on natural law. There are two versions of nature at the beginning,of which the first is a simile that natural universe governs stars by tracks,and the second is a metaphor that natural society governs its people by moral standards. Both tracks and standards refer to justice. However,governing a country by virtue is more than that. The power of virtue could be classified into two parts,while the first is moral education,the second is legal sanction.