CAJ | 학술논문

武当山在历史上的地位并非恒一不变,而是随时代变迁而起伏。由于武当山在明代永乐年间作为国家宗教圣地得以大规模建设,因此在明代的地位最为崇高;入清后,清人从信仰萨满教改为推崇藏传佛教,贬低中原佛教和道教,因此武当山的地位急剧下降。武当山在明清官方地位的变化,突出反映在明清两代的国史《明实录》和《清实录》中,前者对武当山及其道教大书特书,而后者的记载则十分稀疏和模糊。鉴于历史,应该防止因政权更迭和官员替换而对已形成传统的文化产生漠视。武当山申遗成功,使其处在世界顶层中和国际眼光下的道教文化,能够避免因政治原因造成的起伏不定的命运。
무당산재역사상적지위병비항일불변,이시수시대변천이기복。유우무당산재명대영악년간작위국가종교골지득이대규모건설,인차재명대적지위최위숭고;입청후,청인종신앙살만교개위추숭장전불교,폄저중원불교화도교,인차무당산적지위급극하강。무당산재명청관방지위적변화,돌출반영재명청량대적국사《명실록》화《청실록》중,전자대무당산급기도교대서특서,이후자적기재칙십분희소화모호。감우역사,응해방지인정권경질화관원체환이대이형성전통적문화산생막시。무당산신유성공,사기처재세계정층중화국제안광하적도교문화,능구피면인정치원인조성적기복불정적명운。
The historical status of Mount Wudang is not invariant but in the process of change with the time. As the national holy religious place,it is built in large scale during the reign of Emperor Yongle,therefore,it enjoys the highest status in the Ming Dynasty. However,after the establishment of the Qing Dynasty,its status becomes low because Manchu appreciates Tibetan Buddhism and degrades central plain Buddhism and Taoism. As a result,the change of its official status is prominently reflected in the national history of these two dynasties,namely,the Ming Emperors＇ Annals and the Qing Emperors＇ Annals. Specifically,the former has a full description of Mount Wudang and Taoism,while in the latter the records are rare and vague. As far as the history is concerned,the change of the power and the replacement of officials should not result in the ignorance of the formed traditional culture. In a word,the success of Mount Wudang＇s application for World Cultural Heritage assures the Taoism culture of avoiding the changeable fate because of the political reason.