CAJ | 학술논문

加工贸易是发展中国家嵌入全球产业链的重要形式,是中国宏观对外贸易的增长点之一。基于微观层面,研究加工贸易对企业绩效影响的文献较少。本文首先从理论层面阐述的结论是：我国企业加工贸易活动对自身绩效（利润率、生产率）具有促进效应,但长期作用有限。其次采用2000-2006年中国工业企业和中国海关进出口数据库对应数据,选取GPS方法检验了企业加工贸易活动对绩效水平的动态影响,结果验证了上述结论,并得到了其影响的最优区间。进一步研究发现：加工贸易对企业绩效的平均促进效应在技术密集型行业中最为明显,但最优区间在资本密集型行业中相对最长。本文在微观视角下,为企业如何开展加工贸易活动提供了新的思路。
가공무역시발전중국가감입전구산업련적중요형식,시중국굉관대외무역적증장점지일。기우미관층면,연구가공무역대기업적효영향적문헌교소。본문수선종이론층면천술적결론시：아국기업가공무역활동대자신적효（리윤솔、생산솔）구유촉진효응,단장기작용유한。기차채용2000-2006년중국공업기업화중국해관진출구수거고대응수거,선취GPS방법검험료기업가공무역활동대적효수평적동태영향,결과험증료상술결론,병득도료기영향적최우구간。진일보연구발현：가공무역대기업적효적평균촉진효응재기술밀집형행업중최위명현,단최우구간재자본밀집형행업중상대최장。본문재미관시각하,위기업여하개전가공무역활동제공료신적사로。
The processing trade is one important way for the developing countries to participate in the global value chain and also one of the growth points of the international trade in China. Few studies have explored the impact of the processing trade on the firm performance from the micro-firm perspective. This paper first demonstrates theoretically that the processing trade helps improve the performance of firms in the aspects of profit and productivity in China, but the improvement is restricted in the long run. Second, the merged data over the research period 2000-2006 is employed from China＇ s Annual Survey of Industri- al Firms and the Chinese Customs Trade Statistics. GPS methodology is used to investigate the dynamic impact of the processing trade on the firm performance and the results are in line with the above conclusion, implying an optimal inter- val of this effect. Further study suggests that this positive effect is stronger in the technology-intensive industries and the optimal interval is longer in the capital-intensive industries. From the microcosmic perspective, this paper sheds light on the way for firms to conduct processing trade.