外国文学研究
外國文學研究
외국문학연구
Foreign Literature Studies
2015年
2期
124~134
,共null页
私语 中世纪苏菲文学 陶希迪 神示
私語 中世紀囌菲文學 陶希迪 神示
사어 중세기소비문학 도희적 신시
whispers; medieval Sufi literature; al-Tawhīdī; Divine Signals
阿拉伯中世纪苏菲文学家常用"私语"或"静默交谈"文体,借助与"安拉"私密对话的方式,将个人与宇宙、自白与宽恕、真理与语言、精神追求和现实冲突之间的关系诉诸笔端,倾诉自我的不安、孤独、怨情、苦闷等世俗化情感,折射出中世纪阿拉伯苏菲文人的存在主义观。10世纪苏菲派著名神学家、文学家阿布·哈彦·陶希迪的《神示》是这一文体的典范。作者在该作品中表现出"多面自我"和"本我"之间即依存又矛盾、即交织又排斥、即统一又分离的关系,主张寻求多元的统一,强调矛盾的普遍性;同时,作者从形而上学层面,为认识真理过程构置了形式,即"呼唤"与"回应"的转换性结构范式,意即苏菲派所追求的终极人生意义——"人主合一"。
阿拉伯中世紀囌菲文學傢常用"私語"或"靜默交談"文體,藉助與"安拉"私密對話的方式,將箇人與宇宙、自白與寬恕、真理與語言、精神追求和現實遲突之間的關繫訴諸筆耑,傾訴自我的不安、孤獨、怨情、苦悶等世俗化情感,摺射齣中世紀阿拉伯囌菲文人的存在主義觀。10世紀囌菲派著名神學傢、文學傢阿佈·哈彥·陶希迪的《神示》是這一文體的典範。作者在該作品中錶現齣"多麵自我"和"本我"之間即依存又矛盾、即交織又排斥、即統一又分離的關繫,主張尋求多元的統一,彊調矛盾的普遍性;同時,作者從形而上學層麵,為認識真理過程構置瞭形式,即"呼喚"與"迴應"的轉換性結構範式,意即囌菲派所追求的終極人生意義——"人主閤一"。
아랍백중세기소비문학가상용"사어"혹"정묵교담"문체,차조여"안랍"사밀대화적방식,장개인여우주、자백여관서、진리여어언、정신추구화현실충돌지간적관계소제필단,경소자아적불안、고독、원정、고민등세속화정감,절사출중세기아랍백소비문인적존재주의관。10세기소비파저명신학가、문학가아포·합언·도희적적《신시》시저일문체적전범。작자재해작품중표현출"다면자아"화"본아"지간즉의존우모순、즉교직우배척、즉통일우분리적관계,주장심구다원적통일,강조모순적보편성;동시,작자종형이상학층면,위인식진리과정구치료형식,즉"호환"여"회응"적전환성결구범식,의즉소비파소추구적종겁인생의의——"인주합일"。
Medieval Arabic Sufi writers often apply "Whispers" in their writings. Borrowing the way of private talk with Allah, these writers express the relationships between individual and the universe, confession and forgiveness, truth and language, and spiritual pursuit and realistic conflict, which reveals their own uneasiness, loneliness, resentment, agony, and other secular emotions, and reflects existentialism in their writings. Divine Signals by Abū Hayān al-Tawhīdī, a famous Sufi theologian and writer from the 10 th century, is a book that well represents this literary genre. In such works, the authors intend to pursue multiple unifications, to explain the paradoxes, which lie in the unification, and to reinforce the popularity of the paradoxes. Meanwhile, metaphysically, the authors establish a process to understand truth, which is the transformational structural paradigm "to call" and "to response" which means that the untimate meaning of life pursued by Sufis — "Harmony with the human and the god".