CAJ | 학술논문

“肮脏”因文化而异，是分类系统中的文化符号在人们身上唤起的消极情感。分类系统通过符号指明不同事物间的边界，赋予人们一种社会秩序感，不符合社会秩序的事物引起消极情感，反之则引起积极情感。本文以两个农民出身的企业家为个案，基于访谈和观察收集的资料，将意义系统与社会结构过程和心理过程相联系，用符号人类学的分类理论阐释“肮脏”如何表征企业家的意义系统。个案研究表明，“肮脏”表征了中国市场经济转型过程中的无序：经验世界的角色分化产生了企业家的自我范畴化；市场经济在转型过程中出现市场权力化和权力市场化；自我范畴化的企业家在无序的经济环境中产生消极情感和道德不安。去除“肮脏”有两种途径：离开环境或重组环境；重组环境要么划分官场和市场的界限，要么引进更多身份模糊的事物。
“항장”인문화이이，시분류계통중적문화부호재인문신상환기적소겁정감。분류계통통과부호지명불동사물간적변계，부여인문일충사회질서감，불부합사회질서적사물인기소겁정감，반지칙인기적겁정감。본문이량개농민출신적기업가위개안，기우방담화관찰수집적자료，장의의계통여사회결구과정화심리과정상련계，용부호인류학적분류이론천석“항장”여하표정기업가적의의계통。개안연구표명，“항장”표정료중국시장경제전형과정중적무서：경험세계적각색분화산생료기업가적자아범주화；시장경제재전형과정중출현시장권력화화권력시장화；자아범주화적기업가재무서적경제배경중산생소겁정감화도덕불안。거제“항장”유량충도경：리개배경혹중조배경；중조배경요요화분관장화시장적계한，요요인진경다신빈모호적사물。
Dirt, which is culturally different, is annegative emotion evoking from cultural symbols.By i-dentifying the borders of different things, the classification system embodies social order, and those failing to fit social order evoke negative emotion.Based on interviewing and observing two entrepreneurs, by relating the meaning system to social structuring and psychology, this study employs anthropological classification theory to interpret how dirt represents entrepreneurs’ meaning system.Dirt represents disorder in China’ s market tran-sition：the politicization of market and the marketization of power, which makes enterpreneurs’ self-catego-rization suffer from emotional anxiety and moral discomfort, and the meaning system is fragmented.In order to rid dirt, entrepreneurs may either leave or recombine the environment.The latter can be achieved by demarca-ting officialdom and market or by introducing more people with fuzzy status into the blurring environment.