CAJ | 학술논문

鉴于传统旅游承载力以游客数量作为承载对象可能存在的不足和缺陷,提出以环境状态作为承载对象的旅游承载力定义.在评价方法上,在可接受变化限度理论框架下,运用陈述性偏好方法,根据游客在游憩活动中的成本效益作为环境状态可接受程度的评价标准.通过选择试验和条件logit模型得出潜在环境状态下游客对环境质量变化的边际效用和敏感程度.研究结果表明,游客对“拥挤程度”最为敏感,其次是“人文景观的保护程度”,而“植被覆盖率”对游客效用的影响较弱.另外,给出了25个潜在环境属性集的环境状态情况,包括承载力状态,最优与最差状态,以及可接受与不可接受状态.
감우전통여유승재력이유객수량작위승재대상가능존재적불족화결함,제출이배경상태작위승재대상적여유승재력정의.재평개방법상,재가접수변화한도이론광가하,운용진술성편호방법,근거유객재유게활동중적성본효익작위배경상태가접수정도적평개표준.통과선택시험화조건logit모형득출잠재배경상태하유객대배경질량변화적변제효용화민감정도.연구결과표명,유객대“옹제정도”최위민감,기차시“인문경관적보호정도”,이“식피복개솔”대유객효용적영향교약.령외,급출료25개잠재배경속성집적배경상태정황,포괄승재력상태,최우여최차상태,이급가접수여불가접수상태.
As the nature-based tourism demand increases, the forest park authorities and site managers need to understand the tradeoffs between the level of natural wilderness protection and the visitors＇ satisfactory experience. Tourism carrying capacity, as the core concern of natural tourism site management, has long been paid high attention by both relevant government agencies and academic institutions. But, due to its conceptual ambiguity, there is no clear cut and commonly accepted definition and connotation that is well established as a recreation parks＇ carrying capacity. Therefore, no universally consistent evaluation method exists for assessing carrying capacity of a recreational site such as a national forest park. Traditionally, the tourism carrying capacity often uses the potential number of visitors received at site as the singular criterion in measuring carrying capacity. A big shortcoming of this measurement is that it ignores visitors＇ perception toward a recreation site. In this paper, we propose adding the dimension of visitors＇ perception to the tourism carrying capacity metrics. In the process, this study adopts the limits of acceptable change （LAC） as the theoretical framework, combined with the stated preference methods as well as a cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the level of acceptability of a creational site, and use this as a new metric for measuring a park＇ s carrying capacity. In addition, the choice experiment design and conditional Logit model are utilized to evaluate the economic value of each environmental attribute and management factor. To demonstrate the proposed method of carrying capacity assessment, this research takes the Liishunkou National Forest Park as a pilot study area which is located in northeastern China. One important feature about this park is that it has both forest resources and historical relics as recreation attractions for tourists - a typical natural resource park in China, but rarely present in other countries across the world. The model results show that visitors are mostly sensitive to the degree of crowding, less sensitive to the cultural resource protection, and the least sensitive to the vegetation coverage. As to the carrying capacity with respect to each individual environmental attribute, the vegetation coverage is 60% - 75%, amount of rubbish between 6-12 pieces / 200m, level of crowding between 20 - 30 people / 100m2. Finally, the results also show the rank order for the total 25 environmental attribute sets developed from CE design. Given obtained potential states from the 25 environmental attribute sets described in appendix to the codes, the best attribute set is {C21}, the worst attribute set is {C10}, attribute set {C3, Cll, C18, C25} are close to carrying capacity status. This paper focuses on the environmental factors affecting marginal changes to the carrying capacity, and hopes to explain the problem to the Institute of Tourism about the carrying capacity from the tourist satisfaction and decision angle. The research method not only enriches the research content and research perspective of tourism can＇ying capacity, but also provides a theoretical basis for improving scenic carrying capacity.