CAJ | 학술논문

近二三十年来,台湾卷入世界性的移民潮中,大量中国大陆和东南亚人士为主的外籍配偶移民台湾,成为台湾的新住民。时至今日,新住民的群体规模已堪称岛内的“第五大族群”。台湾自古就是移民社会,历史上曾数次出现移民潮。但移民社会的特性并没有使台湾具备成熟的多元文化素养,相反地,语言文化的差异,社会的歧视与不解,管理当局的回避与限制等客观和人为的障碍,都使新住民难以在短期内适应、融入台湾社会。这不仅给新住民群体自身带来巨大的伤害,也给整个台湾社会增加了不安定因素。本文从移民适应的角度出发,对新住民在台湾的群体现状、社会适应的主要障碍与当局的治理状况进行梳理,并在此基础上简要评析其现有的社会适应路径。
근이삼십년래,태만권입세계성적이민조중,대량중국대륙화동남아인사위주적외적배우이민태만,성위태만적신주민。시지금일,신주민적군체규모이감칭도내적“제오대족군”。태만자고취시이민사회,역사상증수차출현이민조。단이민사회적특성병몰유사태만구비성숙적다원문화소양,상반지,어언문화적차이,사회적기시여불해,관리당국적회피여한제등객관화인위적장애,도사신주민난이재단기내괄응、융입태만사회。저불부급신주민군체자신대래거대적상해,야급정개태만사회증가료불안정인소。본문종이민괄응적각도출발,대신주민재태만적군체현상、사회괄응적주요장애여당국적치리상황진행소리,병재차기출상간요평석기현유적사회괄응로경。
In the past twenty or thirty years, a large number of mainland spouses and foreign spouses, mainly from South- east Asian counties, have immigrated to Taiwan, becoming the new inhabitants of Taiwan which is now rated ＂the fifth major ethnic group＂ in Taiwan as their population keeps increasing. Taiwan has been the immigrant society since ancient time with several waves of immigration that have appeared in the history of Taiwan. However, the characteristics of immigrant society have not developed Taiwan into the community with mature and multicultural accomplishment. On the contrary, the differences of language and culture, social discrimination and perplexity and the other objective and artificially imposed obstacles such as the evasion and restriction by the authority have made it difficult for the new inhabitants to adapt themselves to and integrate in- to Taiwan society within a short period of time. This has not only done great harm to the new inhabitants as a whole but also added to Taiwan some social instable factors. This paper aims to sort out the main obstacles to the new inhabitants in their so- cial adaptation and group status in Taiwan and the authorities＇ administration status from the perspective of the immigrant adap- tation, and on this basis, makes a brief assessment of the existing social adaptation path.