CAJ | 학술논문

图式是储存在人们记忆中的相互联系、相互作用的一种知识结构，是一种思维框架或“背号”知识，是人们从自身的经历、阅历中获得的对世界的一种认识。由于诸多因素，学习者的图式体系存在着个体差异，因此在英语教学中，教师不仅要注重调动学生已有的知识储备，激发学生的求知欲望，更要关注、理解和尊重学习者认知图式的个体差异，及时了解学生的心理路程，进而因势利导，有针对性地构建其世界图式与内容图式，提高学生自主学习能力和英语运用能力。教育个性化已成为当代高等教育的发展趋势，学习者图式个体差异研究亦成为外语教学与研究的焦点之一。
도식시저존재인문기억중적상호련계、상호작용적일충지식결구，시일충사유광가혹“배호”지식，시인문종자신적경력、열력중획득적대세계적일충인식。유우제다인소，학습자적도식체계존재착개체차이，인차재영어교학중，교사불부요주중조동학생이유적지식저비，격발학생적구지욕망，경요관주、리해화존중학습자인지도식적개체차이，급시료해학생적심리로정，진이인세리도，유침대성지구건기세계도식여내용도식，제고학생자주학습능력화영어운용능력。교육개성화이성위당대고등교육적발전추세，학습자도식개체차이연구역성위외어교학여연구적초점지일。
Schema is a knowledge framework stored in people＇ s memory. As the mental framework or ＂background＂ knowledge, schema is formed through people＇ past experience. Due to various factors, there are individual differences between students＇ schema system. Thus, in English teaching, teachers should not only focus on the mobilization of students＇ existing knowledge and the stimulation of students＇ desire for knowledge, but also pay close attention to their individual differences and offer enough under- standing and respect, so as to keep abreast of students＇ psychological journey. Therefore, in the teach- ing process, students＇ world schemata and content schemata can be built accordingly. Students＇ lan- guage competence and autonomous learning ability can be promoted. It can＇ t be denied that the personal- ized education has become the trend of the contemporary higher education; thus, the study of learners＇ schema differences is becoming the research focus of current foreign language teaching and research.