体育科学
體育科學
체육과학
China Sport Science
2015年
4期
3~11
,共null页
民间足球 竞赛组织 阶段性特征 主导环境因素
民間足毬 競賽組織 階段性特徵 主導環境因素
민간족구 경새조직 계단성특정 주도배경인소
folk football game contest organization developing characteristics dominant en-vironmental factors
以组织理论为基础，以民间足球竞赛组织为指涉对象，从组织结构化、制度化的视角对其发展阶段的效标和主导环境因素进行了理论建构，并借助问卷测量和结构式访谈等手段，对我国北京、上海、广州、深圳、杭州和太原等6所城市的40个民间足球竞赛组织进行调查，采用Q型聚类和逐步回归等分析方法进行数据统计。结果表明，我国民间足球竞赛组织存在发展阶段的差别，且在组织的“复杂性”、“专业化”、“正式与标准化”以及“集权化”4个方面均呈现明显的阶段性特征。民间足球竞赛组织发展必将受到环境的影响，尽管各类环境要素在其不同的发展阶段呈现了不同的主导性特征，但从动态变动的结构关系角度看，“资源性效率因素”与“专业制度因素”是民间足球组织各阶段发展的基础性环境要素；“交易性效率因素”和“宏观制度因素”是民间足球组织发展的变动性环境要素，前者体现在足球竞赛组织快速变动的“成长阶段”期；后者则表现在其“成熟阶段”期。
以組織理論為基礎，以民間足毬競賽組織為指涉對象，從組織結構化、製度化的視角對其髮展階段的效標和主導環境因素進行瞭理論建構，併藉助問捲測量和結構式訪談等手段，對我國北京、上海、廣州、深圳、杭州和太原等6所城市的40箇民間足毬競賽組織進行調查，採用Q型聚類和逐步迴歸等分析方法進行數據統計。結果錶明，我國民間足毬競賽組織存在髮展階段的差彆，且在組織的“複雜性”、“專業化”、“正式與標準化”以及“集權化”4箇方麵均呈現明顯的階段性特徵。民間足毬競賽組織髮展必將受到環境的影響，儘管各類環境要素在其不同的髮展階段呈現瞭不同的主導性特徵，但從動態變動的結構關繫角度看，“資源性效率因素”與“專業製度因素”是民間足毬組織各階段髮展的基礎性環境要素；“交易性效率因素”和“宏觀製度因素”是民間足毬組織髮展的變動性環境要素，前者體現在足毬競賽組織快速變動的“成長階段”期；後者則錶現在其“成熟階段”期。
이조직이론위기출，이민간족구경새조직위지섭대상，종조직결구화、제도화적시각대기발전계단적효표화주도배경인소진행료이론건구，병차조문권측량화결구식방담등수단，대아국북경、상해、엄주、심수、항주화태원등6소성시적40개민간족구경새조직진행조사，채용Q형취류화축보회귀등분석방법진행수거통계。결과표명，아국민간족구경새조직존재발전계단적차별，차재조직적“복잡성”、“전업화”、“정식여표준화”이급“집권화”4개방면균정현명현적계단성특정。민간족구경새조직발전필장수도배경적영향，진관각류배경요소재기불동적발전계단정현료불동적주도성특정，단종동태변동적결구관계각도간，“자원성효솔인소”여“전업제도인소”시민간족구조직각계단발전적기출성배경요소；“교역성효솔인소”화“굉관제도인소”시민간족구조직발전적변동성배경요소，전자체현재족구경새조직쾌속변동적“성장계단”기；후자칙표현재기“성숙계단”기。
Based on organization theory, taking folk football contest organization as the referent object,from the perspective of organization＇s structuring and institutionalization, the study makes theory construction of the criterion and the dominant environmental factors at the devel- opment stages. Furthermore, with the help of investigation in the way of structured interview, the study investigates the folk football contest organizations, amounting to 40, in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou, as well as Taiyuan, and applies the method of mathematical statistics including Q-clustering and regression analysis to analyze the data from the investigation. The conclusion is as follows ： firstly, folk football contest organizations in our country can be divided into organizations at different development stages, which evidently pos- sess stage character in the four aspects of complexity, profession, formation and standardiza- tion, and centralization;secondly, the development of folk football contest organization is influ- enced greatly by environment, and all kinds of environmental factors shows different influence at different stages;thirdly, from the perspective of dynamic evolution, there is obvious change of structural relationship among all kinds of environmental factors, among which, efficient fac- tors of resource and professional institutional factors are basic environmental factors of develop- ment of folk football contest organizations at each stage, and efficient factors of transaction and macro institutional factors are changeable environmental factors of development of folk football contest organizations, and the former has great influence at growing stage with characteristics of rapid mobility, while the latter has great influence at mature stage.
