CAJ | 학술논문

新世纪以来，海外大陆新移民回流人数激增，且呈现出高学历化、年轻化等特点及趋势，这一群体的就业问题也日益突显。基于2011年上海基本侨情调查数据的分析发现：教育程度、归国年限以及性别和年龄等特征对海归就业和职业发展具有重要影响。其中，归国年限与海归人员失业呈显著负相关关系，符合社会适应理论的预期。同时，具有研究生学历的海归人员失业率较低、成为企事业单位负责人比例较高。海归对自我角色认知与社会对海归期待之间的差异，不仅影响其社会再适应，也成为就业的影响因素。发挥海外归国人员的积极作用，需要完善针对这一群体的就业体制机制，重点针对女性海归、本科以下留学归国人员等做好相关的就业创业指导和服务．
신세기이래，해외대륙신이민회류인수격증，차정현출고학력화、년경화등특점급추세，저일군체적취업문제야일익돌현。기우2011년상해기본교정조사수거적분석발현：교육정도、귀국년한이급성별화년령등특정대해귀취업화직업발전구유중요영향。기중，귀국년한여해귀인원실업정현저부상관관계，부합사회괄응이론적예기。동시，구유연구생학력적해귀인원실업솔교저、성위기사업단위부책인비례교고。해귀대자아각색인지여사회대해귀기대지간적차이，불부영향기사회재괄응，야성위취업적영향인소。발휘해외귀국인원적적겁작용，수요완선침대저일군체적취업체제궤제，중점침대녀성해귀、본과이하류학귀국인원등주호상관적취업창업지도화복무．
Using the 2011 census on returned overseas Chinese in Shanghai, this paper empirically analysis the consequences of return migrant status for employment. The results show that, since the beginning of the new century, increasing numbers of Chinese migrants began to return to their home country. However, in recent years, return migrants have serious problems in re-adaption into home labor market. Consistent with expectations of social adaption theory, it is evident that the relative unemployment probability of return migrants tend to decrease with duration subsequent to return migration. Meanwhile, those who with a graduate degree have lower unemployment rate, and higher proportion of as a head of enterprises and institutions. Furthermore, it shows that women return migrants have lower employment and career development opportunities. Therefore, it need to perfect the employment system, focusing on women and undergraduate return migrants, providing good employment guidance and services to ease the process of readaping for return migrants.