CAJ | 학술논문

利用学术界较少利用的中国海关总税务司署统计科撰写的《最近百年中国对外贸易史》中的资料，较细致地论述了近代对外贸易的发展过程与不同时期的影响因素，指出总体而言发展较快，尤其是1882-1931年的50年间，整整增长了15倍。依据进出口贸易量，探讨近代上海、广州、汉口、天津、青岛、大连等主要港口的地位变化，最后探讨不同区域的港口在20世纪前后的地位变迁，强调指出在以前上海常占全国份额的半数，华南诸港约占40％，其他口岸微不足道。进入20世纪以后由于华北、东北和长江流域商品经济的较大发展，以及日本在这些区域政治经济势力的迅速增长，形成华北和东北、华南和长江流域、上海各占全国份额三分之一的格局。
이용학술계교소이용적중국해관총세무사서통계과찬사적《최근백년중국대외무역사》중적자료，교세치지논술료근대대외무역적발전과정여불동시기적영향인소，지출총체이언발전교쾌，우기시1882-1931년적50년간，정정증장료15배。의거진출구무역량，탐토근대상해、엄주、한구、천진、청도、대련등주요항구적지위변화，최후탐토불동구역적항구재20세기전후적지위변천，강조지출재이전상해상점전국빈액적반수，화남제항약점40％，기타구안미불족도。진입20세기이후유우화북、동북화장강류역상품경제적교대발전，이급일본재저사구역정치경제세력적신속증장，형성화북화동북、화남화장강류역、상해각점전국빈액삼분지일적격국。
This paper discusses the development of international trade in different periods of modern China in detail, making use of the information in The History of Chinese International Trade in the Last Century written by Inspector - General of Chinese Maritime Customs Service. The author argues that the international trade of China got rapid development, especially from 1882 to 1931. The primary ports including Shanghai, Guangzhou, Hankou, Tianjin, Qingdao and Dalian also experienced changes of relative importance according to the volume of import and export trade. At the end of 19th century and early 20th century, Shanghai＇s share of foreign trade accounted for half of the whole country＇s volume, and ports in southern China accounted for 40%. Since the beginning of 20th century, the commodity economy in North China, Northeast China and Yangtze River Basin developed greatly, in addition, the political and economic forces of Japan also in- creased rapidly in the above areas, thus formed a pattern with North China, South China ＆ Yangtze River Basin and Shanghai accounting for one third of the whole foreign trade respectively.