管理工程学报
管理工程學報
관리공정학보
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
2015年
2期
130~141
,共null页
ERP实施 多合作方选择 风险控制 质量功能展开(QFD)
ERP實施 多閤作方選擇 風險控製 質量功能展開(QFD)
ERP실시 다합작방선택 풍험공제 질량공능전개(QFD)
ERP implementation; multi-partner selection; risk control; quality function deployment (QFD)
ERP实施合作方选择是ERP项目实施风险控制的关键环节。论文利用QFD方法的特点,以ERP实施企业风险控制的实际需求为导向,从费用、工期、质量、范围、合作五个方面细分了ERP项目风险控制需求,进一步从三阶段发展视角、三层能力视角、三角合作视角出发,分别提出了ERP软件供应商、ERP咨询商和三方合作关系的评价特性,在此基础上,确定了风险控制需求与评价特性相关关系,并考虑了评价特性之间的自相关关系,建立了基于QFD的ERP实施多合作方选择模型。最后,通过实例验证了模型的实用性。
ERP實施閤作方選擇是ERP項目實施風險控製的關鍵環節。論文利用QFD方法的特點,以ERP實施企業風險控製的實際需求為導嚮,從費用、工期、質量、範圍、閤作五箇方麵細分瞭ERP項目風險控製需求,進一步從三階段髮展視角、三層能力視角、三角閤作視角齣髮,分彆提齣瞭ERP軟件供應商、ERP咨詢商和三方閤作關繫的評價特性,在此基礎上,確定瞭風險控製需求與評價特性相關關繫,併攷慮瞭評價特性之間的自相關關繫,建立瞭基于QFD的ERP實施多閤作方選擇模型。最後,通過實例驗證瞭模型的實用性。
ERP실시합작방선택시ERP항목실시풍험공제적관건배절。논문이용QFD방법적특점,이ERP실시기업풍험공제적실제수구위도향,종비용、공기、질량、범위、합작오개방면세분료ERP항목풍험공제수구,진일보종삼계단발전시각、삼층능력시각、삼각합작시각출발,분별제출료ERP연건공응상、ERP자순상화삼방합작관계적평개특성,재차기출상,학정료풍험공제수구여평개특성상관관계,병고필료평개특성지간적자상관관계,건립료기우QFD적ERP실시다합작방선택모형。최후,통과실례험증료모형적실용성。
Many enterprises are implementing Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) projects to improve their competitiveness. However, ERP project has the characteristics of high risk and high expenses, Most enterprises don't have the ability to implement large-scale ERP projects and need to rely on technical ability of external partners to reduce ERP implementation risks. A study analyzes more than forty ERP implementation failure cases and finds that inappropriate selection of various types of partners is one of key reasons for project failures. Choosing suitable external parmcrs is critical to managing ERP project implementation risk. Firstly, this study reviews literatures related to the selection problems of ERP software vendors and ERP project consultants in the ERP implementation process. Three knowledge gaps are identified: ① previous researches involve only a single partner selection, and does not explore multi-partner joint optimization and selection issues; ②previous researches on partners selection mainly concentrate on satisfaction evaluation, but lack evaluation studies that set risk control as the goal and are conducted from the perspective of enterprise requirements; and ③ the previous researches always set independence assumption as a precondition in the evaluation and determination of indices. The assumption earmot fully reflect the actual model. Secondly, this paper explains why QFD method is also applicable for partner selection of ERP project. Combining with target requirements of risk control in ERP implementation, this paper adopts general steps of QFD method to construct models. This paper proposes new ideas and processes for model construction. Thirdly, based on the model-building workflow, this paper takes the actual demand of ERP project implementation risk control as orientation, analyzes the demand of ERP project risk control from the aspects of expenses, time limit, quality, scope and corporation, and calculates the weights of each demand by using AHP. In order to achieve the effective evaluation of various types of partners, the paper puts forward the evaluation characteristics index for ERP software suppliers, ERP consultants and three cooperation relationships based on three stages of development, three levels of ability, and triangular cooperation. In addition, this paper defines the classification standards of each evaluation characteristic index. This paper determines the relationship between the demand of risk control and evaluation, and obtains the absolute weights of evaluation characteristics by using an independent collocation method. According to the weight correction method proposed by Yizeng Chen, the absolute weights are corrected, and eventually the relative weight values of evaluation characteristics are obtained. Fourthly, the proposed model is designed to include the determination of effective cooperation portfolios, the acquisition of the index value, the calculation of demand matching coefficient, and the sdeetien of optimal cooperation portfolio. The multi-partner selection model in ERP implementation based on QFD is established. Finally, combined with a practical application case about an automobile manufacturing enterprise, the feasibility and practicality of the model are demonstrated. This study makes three major contributions: ①the QFD method is applied first time to studying the issue of the multi-partner selection in ERP project implementations; ②taking risk control is used as the goal to conduct multi-partner selection optimization research; and③the self-correlation of the evaluation characteristic index is considered in constructing the model.