安徽师范大学学报：人文社会科学版
安徽師範大學學報：人文社會科學版
안휘사범대학학보：인문사회과학판
Journal of Anhui Normal University(Humanities and Social Sciences)
2015年
3期
316~321
,共null页
二战 美国 德军战俘 艾森豪威尔 战俘新思维
二戰 美國 德軍戰俘 艾森豪威爾 戰俘新思維
이전 미국 덕군전부 애삼호위이 전부신사유
World War II; the United States; German prisoners-of-war; Eisenhower; the New Thinking a-bout Prisoners of War
参战前期,美军输送德军俘虏到美国本土的战俘营进行安置。随着1945年欧洲出现的粮食短缺以及德军战俘人数的剧增,建立露天大营、就地安置战俘成为美军的选择。美国战俘政策的转变源于艾森豪威尔提出的＂战俘新思维＂,即把在德国境内收押的德国军人当作＂被缴械的敌军＂而不是＂战俘＂对待,为美军在1945年4月转变德军战俘处置政策提供了借口。＂战俘新思维＂违背了日内瓦公约,是美国单边主义外交的前奏。
參戰前期,美軍輸送德軍俘虜到美國本土的戰俘營進行安置。隨著1945年歐洲齣現的糧食短缺以及德軍戰俘人數的劇增,建立露天大營、就地安置戰俘成為美軍的選擇。美國戰俘政策的轉變源于艾森豪威爾提齣的＂戰俘新思維＂,即把在德國境內收押的德國軍人噹作＂被繳械的敵軍＂而不是＂戰俘＂對待,為美軍在1945年4月轉變德軍戰俘處置政策提供瞭藉口。＂戰俘新思維＂違揹瞭日內瓦公約,是美國單邊主義外交的前奏。
삼전전기,미군수송덕군부로도미국본토적전부영진행안치。수착1945년구주출현적양식단결이급덕군전부인수적극증,건립로천대영、취지안치전부성위미군적선택。미국전부정책적전변원우애삼호위이제출적＂전부신사유＂,즉파재덕국경내수압적덕국군인당작＂피격계적활군＂이불시＂전부＂대대,위미군재1945년4월전변덕군전부처치정책제공료차구。＂전부신사유＂위배료일내와공약,시미국단변주의외교적전주。
At the early stage of joining in World War II, US army transported German prisoners to prisoner- of-war camps located in the United States. With the appearance of food shortage in Europe and the dramatic increase in the number of German prisoners in 1945, US chose to arrange for prisoners of war locally and set up camps in the open air. This transition derived from ＂The New Thinking about Prisoner of War＂ put forward by Eisenhower, which treated German prisoners imprisoned in Germany as ＂Disarmed Enemy Forces＂ rather than ＂Prisoners of War＂. This ＂New Thinking＂ provided an excuse to the transition of US disposal of German prisoners-of-war in April 1945. It evaded some related terms of The Geneva Conventions 1929 and it is a prelude to US unilateralist diplomacy.
