CAJ | 학술논문

对24名室内五人制足球甲级联赛与21名十一人制中超联赛优秀男子足球运动员身体形态（身高、体重、脂肪率以及瘦体重）和素质（纵跳高度、负重半蹲、5m、15m冲刺跑时间以及次最大强度速度跑血乳酸值）测量,经对比分析得出,相较于中超优秀球员,五甲优秀球员在平均体重、年龄以及耐力上类似,但平均身高要低7cm,身体脂肪率要高37%,纵跳平均高度要低8%,5m冲刺跑时间多3%,15m冲刺跑时间多6%,半蹲蹬伸爆发力低15%。五甲、中超优秀球员在最大冲刺跑时间与负重半蹲爆发力、耐力跑乳酸积累水平上存在显著性负相关,而脂肪率与最大冲刺跑时间、耐力跑血乳酸积累水平存在显著性正相关,与最大纵跳高度存在显著性负相关。研究结果表明,相对于中超优秀球员,五甲优秀球员身体脂肪率偏高以及多项素质能力的偏低,尤其是下肢力量的偏低,对进行高身体对抗的足球比赛有非常不利的影响。建议五甲联赛教练员在赛季初重点训练减少运动员身上多余脂肪,从而提高其身体能力,但同时应保持身体各项素质的同步训练,避免在降低身体脂肪的同时造成肌肉力量的减退。
대24명실내오인제족구갑급련새여21명십일인제중초련새우수남자족구운동원신체형태（신고、체중、지방솔이급수체중）화소질（종도고도、부중반준、5m、15m충자포시간이급차최대강도속도포혈유산치）측량,경대비분석득출,상교우중초우수구원,오갑우수구원재평균체중、년령이급내력상유사,단평균신고요저7cm,신체지방솔요고37%,종도평균고도요저8%,5m충자포시간다3%,15m충자포시간다6%,반준등신폭발력저15%。오갑、중초우수구원재최대충자포시간여부중반준폭발력、내력포유산적루수평상존재현저성부상관,이지방솔여최대충자포시간、내력포혈유산적루수평존재현저성정상관,여최대종도고도존재현저성부상관。연구결과표명,상대우중초우수구원,오갑우수구원신체지방솔편고이급다항소질능력적편저,우기시하지역량적편저,대진행고신체대항적족구비새유비상불리적영향。건의오갑련새교련원재새계초중점훈련감소운동원신상다여지방,종이제고기신체능력,단동시응보지신체각항소질적동보훈련,피면재강저신체지방적동시조성기육역량적감퇴。
This study was to explore the differences in anthropometric and physical fitness among the Futsal League elite male players and the Chinese Football Association Super League elite male players. 24 elite male players were recruited in the Futsal League group and 21 elite male players in the Chinese Football Association Super Eleven League group. All subjects were measured by anthropometric indexes （height, weight, fat and lean body mass ）, and physical fitness indexes （vertical jump height, half-squat power, 5-meter sprint time, 15-meter sprint time and submaximal intensity speed run blood lactate level）. As compared to the Chinese Football Association Super League group, the Futsal League group was similar in average weight, age and endurance. For average height, average height of vertical jump and average kicking explosive squat, the Futsal League group was lower than those of the Chinese Football Association Super League group （7 cm, 8 %, 15 % lower respectively）. While in body fat ratio, 5-m and 15-m average sprint time, the Futsal League group was higher than those of the Chinese Football Association Super League group （37 %, 3%, 6 % higher respectively）. There was a significantly negative correlation among maximum sprint time and weight squat power, endurance running blood lactate accumulation level in both groups. The fat ratio was significantly positively correlated to maximum sprint time, endurance running blood lactate accumulation levels, while it was negatively related to maximum vertical lump height. It was implied that compared to the Chinese Football Association Super League elite male players, the Futsal League elite male players had a higher fat ratio and a lower quality and ability, especially in lower extremity strength, which played a negative impact for high physical confrontation football games. It could be concluded that the coaches of the Futsal League should focus on reducing excess body fat of the athletes at the beginning of the season so as to improve their physical ability. Meanwhile, they should also focus on synchronous training to keep the body in every aspects, and to avoid the loss caused by muscular strength in the lower body fat at the same time.